In this pilot study, we determined the core fecal microbiota composition and overall microbiota diversity of domesticated herbivorous animals of three digestion types: hindgut fermenters, ruminants, and monogastrics. The 42 animals representing 10 animal species were housed on a single farm in Ireland and all the large herbivores consumed similar feed, harmonizing two of the environmental facto...

Gongylonema spp. are cosmopolitan spirurid nematodes that are common parasites of wild and domesticated mammals and birds. Gongylonema pulchrum Molin, 1857 is most common in ruminants, where it invades mucosa and submucosa of the mouth, tongue, oesophagus and forestomachs. It extremely rarely occurs in man, and fewer than 60 cases have been reported worldwide. We report a case from the Alsace r...

This study is to (1) investigate the prevalence of Chlamydophila abortus infection in cows and goats in Taiwan, and (2) compare the genetic properties of Taiwanese isolates with abortion strains from other sources. Approximately 71% of aborted cows and 58% of aborted does had IgG against C. abortus in their sera. The seroprevalence rate in cows may be overestimated, because a certain degree of ...

Environmentally induced periods of heat stress decrease productivity with devastating economic consequences to global animal agriculture. Heat stress can be defined as a physiological condition when the core body temperature of a given species exceeds its range specified for normal activity, which results from a total heat load (internal production and environment) exceeding the capacity for he...

Ruminants have been domesticated and exploited by man for two major reasons. Firstly, they are able to digest roughage and thereby derive energy for productive purposes because they possess a functional rumen. Secondly, they produce meat and milk which are of nutritive value to man. Much of this paper will cover aspects pertaining to the above with particular emphasis on fat intake and metaboli...

Domesticated animals have a large variety of antimicrobial peptides that serve as natural innate barriers limiting microbial infection or, in some instances, act as an integral component in response to inflammation or microbial infection. These peptides differ in size, composition, mechanisms of activity and range of antimicrobial specificities. They are expressed in many tissues, polymorphonuc...

Rinderpest is a serious contagious disease of cattle, Asian buffalo, yak and many other herbivores both domesticated and wild, including swine, African buffalo, giraffe and lesser kudu. Rinderpest is caused by a virus which is related closely to that of human measles, canine distemper, peste des petits ruminants and other viruses in the morbillivirus subgroup of the paramyxoviruses. Rinderpest,...

1. MAP is a multi-host pathogen and has been isolated from a variety of wild and domesticated animals (Verma, 2013). MAP commonly infects dairy cattle, leading to Johne’s disease, which is also known as paratuberculosis. The infection is chronic, progressive, and incurable (Collins, 1997). Paratuberculosis affects domesticated and wild ruminants including those used in food production mainly ca...

Rinderpest is a serious contagious disease of cattle, Asian buffalo, yak and many other herbivores both domesticated and wild, including swine, African buffalo, giraffe and lesser kudu. Rinderpest is caused by a virus which is related closely to that of human measles, canine distemper, peste des petits ruminants and other viruses in the morbillivirus subgroup of the paramyxoviruses. Rinderpest,...