Dissolving microneedles (DMNs) are polymeric, microscopic needles that deliver encapsulated drugs in a minimally invasive manner. Currently, DMN arrays are superimposed onto patches that facilitate their insertion into skin. However, due to wide variations in skin elasticity and the amount of hair on the skin, the arrays fabricated on the patch are often not completely inserted and large amount...

Semaphorins exert their effects in neuronal and non-neuronal processes by binding with receptors. Both in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that plexin-As (plexin-A1, plexin-A1 and plexin-A1) and neuropilins (Npn-1 and Npn-2) are the binding moieties for class-III semaphorins. These receptors are expressed in a spatially and temporally discontinuous manner during organogenesis and central ne...

BACKGROUND Different studies show evidence that several unicellular organisms display a cellular metabolic structure characterized by a set of enzymes which are always in an active state (metabolic core), while the rest of the molecular catalytic reactions exhibit on-off changing states. This self-organized enzymatic configuration seems to be an intrinsic characteristic of metabolism, common to...

Dissolving microneedles (dMNs) are promising versatile drug delivery systems for the transdermal of numerous drugs, enabling their use in a wide range biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. Being made water-soluble polymers, dMNs own several advantages, including fast dissolution short application time which enhance patients’ compliance minimize damage to skin tissue. Moreover, they posses...

Two novel decoupling and matching networks (DMNs) in microstrip technology for three-element uniform circular arrays (UCAs) are investigated compared to a more conventional DMN approach with simple neutralization lines. The array elements coaxially-fed quarter-wavelength monopole antennas over finite groundplane. Three-element considered since UCAs an odd number of able provide almost constant ...

due to the changes which may occur in their parameters, systems are usually demonstrated by some subsystems for different conditions. this paper employs modified petri nets (mpn) to model theses subsystems and makes it simple to analyze them. in this method, first, the continuous transfer function is converted to a discrete transfer function and then, by mpn, system is modeled and analyzed. all...

earth pressure balance tunnel boring machines (epb-tbms) are favorably applied in urban tunneling projects. despite their numerous advantages, considerable delays and high maintenance cost are the main disadvantages these machines suffer from. reliability, availability, and maintainability (ram) analysis is a practical technique that uses failure and repair dataset obtained over a reasonable ti...

The present paper discusses the development of a Markov model for performance evaluation of coal handling unit of a thermal power plant using probabilistic approach. Coal handling unit ensures proper supply of coal for sound functioning of thermal Power Plant. In present paper, the coal handling unit consists of two subsystems with two possible states i.e. working and failed. Failure and repair...