In this paper we present a necessary condition of distinguishability of othogonal multi-partite quantum states. With this condition one can discuss some especial cases for distinguishability further. We also present a necessary condition of distinguishability of bipartite quantum states which is simple and general. With this condition one can get many cases of indistinguishability. The conclusi...

Two measures that quantify distinguishability of fuzzy sets are addressed in this paper: similarity, which exhibits sound theoretical properties but it is usually computationally intensive, and possibility, whose calculation can be very efficient but does not exhibit the same properties of similarity. It is shown that under mild conditions – usually met in interpretable fuzzy modelling – possib...

The aim of this paper is to revisit the implications of complementarity when we inject into a Mach Zehnder interferometer particles with internal structure, prepared in special translational-internal entangled (TIE) states. This correlation causes the path distinguishability to be phase dependent in contrast to the standard case. We show that such a TIE state permits us to detect small phase sh...

“The concept of interfering alternatives is fundamental to all of quantum mechanics”[1]; the issue of the (in)distinguishability of these alternatives is equally fundamental. That which distinguishes these alternatives is traditionally called welcher weg (“which way”) information. Unfortunately, this seems to have no formal basis: neither distinguishability nor indistinguishability have commonl...

Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) has potential for imaging of the head to image cerebral edema and stroke, and to assist the EEG inverse problem. One key challenge is the low distinguishability of head EIT. In this paper, we develop a strategy to improve distinguishability by optimizing electrode configurations and stimulation and measurement patterns. In a hemispherical simulation phantom...

Efficient methods for characterizing the performance of quantum measurements are important in the experimental quantum sciences. Ideally, one requires both a physically relevant distinguishability measure between measurement operations and a well-defined experimental procedure for estimating the distinguishability measure. Here, we propose the average measurement fidelity and error between quan...

A theory is developed for quantifying fault detectability and fault isolability properties of time discrete linear dynamic models. Based on the model, a stochastic characterization of system behavior in different fault modes is defined and a general measure, called distinguishability, based on the Kullback-Leibler information, is used to quantify the difference between the modes. An analysis of...