Introduction: The mandibular molar is considered the most difficult tooth to move. In certain clinical situations, it would seem useful to move it backward. Is that feasible? When would it be indicated? Is it successful, and if so how? Material and methods: We first review some fundamental principles and present an update of the literature on mandibular molar distalization, then analyze a retro...

Traditional upper molar distalization techniques require patient co-operation with the headgear or elastics. Recently, several different intraoral procedures have been introduced to minimize the need for patient co-operation. This article reviews the appliances currently available for maxillary molar distalization and critically analyses their dentoalveolar and skeletal effects.

Since the end of the 1970s, various appliances with intramaxillary anchorage for distalization of the upper molars have been described as an alternative to headgear. The major advantages of these innovative appliances are that they act permanently and are independent of patient compliance. The purpose of this study was to compare the efficiency, both quantitatively and qualitatively, of various...

Tooth distalization is an effective approach for mandibular prognathism. Current distalization devices are bulky and clinically complicated. Here, we designed a novel molar distalization device by using a sliding rod and a microscrew and performed a mechanical analysis and finite element model (FEM) analysis of force distribution and displacement of the upper canine, first and second premolar a...

Distalization of maxillary molars with intraoral appliance is a non-extraction treatment approach for correction of Class II malocclusion that has been described as an alternative to headgear. The aim of this review article is to discuss about the various criteria that should be considered while deciding to distalize molars and a comprehensive review of commonly used intraoral molar distalizati...

INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to evaluate the skeletal and dental changes in patients who underwent distalization of their maxillary molars with pendulum appliances. METHODS The sample consisted of 31 patients (initial mean age, 14.58 years) with Angle Class II molar relationships and all permanent teeth up to the second molars. The maxillary molars were distalized with pendulum ...

This prospective study aimed to evaluate the effects of the zygoma anchorage system (ZAS) in buccal segment distalization in comparison with cervical headgear (CH). Thirty patients with Class II dental malocclusions were included in the study and were divided into two equal groups: the first group (10 females and 5 males, mean age 14.74 years at T1) received buccal segment distalization with ZA...

OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to analyze the patterns of tooth movements when distalization of mandibular molars using a mini-plate took place. A finite element analysis was applied to analyze patterns of tooth movements. METHODS The model of the mandible and teeth were used to build a finite element analysis model, and a mini-plate was inserted in the mandibular ramus. Two differ...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to cephalometrically assess the skeletal and dentoalveolar effects of Class II malocclusion treatment performed with the Jones Jig appliance followed by fixed appliances. METHODS The sample comprised 25 patients with Class II malocclusion treated with the Jones Jig appliance followed by fixed appliances, at a mean initial age of 12.90 years old. The mean ti...

OBJECTIVE To compare two molar distalization devices, the Pendulum appliance (PA) and the Jones Jig (JJ) in dental Class II patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Pretreatment and postdistalization lateral cephalograms and study models of 20 subjects (6 males, 14 females) Class II malocclusion subjects were examined. PA and JJ group both consisted of 10 patients each with a mean pretreatment age of ...