OBJECTIVE To test Richards and Goodman's hypothesis that a higher proportion of only children under age 5 years assessed in a psychiatric department do not present a psychiatric diagnosis, compared with preschool children with 1 sibling, and to investigate other variables relative to children in this age group with no psychiatric disorder, in light of Richards and Goodman's findings. METHOD W...

In this paper, we present a framework for trust-aware sequential decision-making in human-robot team wherein the human agent’s trust robotic agent is dependent on reward obtained by team. We model problem as finite-horizon Markov Decision Process with of robot state variable. develop reward-based performance metric to drive update model, allowing make recommendations. conduct human-subject expe...

Firstly, Dr. Brooks appears to disbelieve the fact that I have encountered five cases of clinical hydrophobia where no contact with rabies transmitting animal could be discovered, on the insufficient ground that only few cases are reported so far. To convince disbelievers, I have described in detail two such cases which were admitted to a general hospital and where they were seen and clinically...

The neurocognitive processes underlying the formation and maintenance of paranormal beliefs are important for understanding schizotypal ideation. Behavioral studies indicated that both schizotypal and paranormal ideation are based on an overreliance on the right hemisphere, whose coarse rather than focussed semantic processing may favor the emergence of 'loose' and 'uncommon' associations. To e...

Epilepsy is a major health problem, it being among the most common chronic neurologic pathologies. Its basic therapy via anti-seizure drugs (ASDs), of which nearly two dozen are currently available for symptomatic treatment epileptic seizures. But, notwithstanding increasing ASD options, about one-third patients remain drug-refractory, and this fraction did not diminish over decades. This paper...

Although most people are religious, there are hundreds of millions of religious disbelievers in the world. What is religious disbelief and how does it arise? Recent developments in the scientific study of religious beliefs and behaviors point to the conclusion that religious disbelief arises from multiple interacting pathways, traceable to cognitive, motivational, and cultural learning mechanis...

To explore the space between the theories of the Diffusion of Innovations and Universal Darwinism, we first examine a case study of the history of the greenhouse horticulture sector of the Netherlands, comparing and contrasting the narrow focus of Diffusion of Innovations and the wider focus of Universal Darwinism. We then build an agent-based model using elements of both in order to test how w...