INTRODUCTION Ultrasound imaging is increasingly used with motion and force data to quantify tendon dynamics and to understand the functional role of tendons during human and other animal movement. Frequently, tendon dynamics are estimated indirectly from measures of muscle kinematics (by subtracting muscle length from muscle-tendon unit length), but there is mounting evidence that this approach...

ABSTRACT Formulating the suitable mathematical models and deriving the efficient algorithms for a robot kinematics mechanism are very crucial for analyzing the behavior of industrial robot manipulators. Direct kinematics that determines the Cartesian position and orientation of the end-effector for the specified values of joint parameters is generally performed using homogenous transforms. In t...

Compared with serial structured machine tools and robots, parallel kinematic machine tools and robots have many advantages. Many different topologies of parallel mechanisms with 3-6 DOF have been used. Considering that some limitations are indeed due to the use of parallel mechanisms, it is appealing to investigate architectures based on hybrid arrangements where serial and parallel concepts ar...

This paper describes a method to solve the direct kinematics of a generic Stewart-Gough manipulators. The method is formulated in terms of a search in the space of rigid body transformations. The underlying idea is that the solutions of the direct kinematics can be obtained by moving the end-effector body according rotations and translations and accounting for the rigidity conditions. The paper...

BACKGROUND there long has been debate whether static knee kinematics measured using magnetic resonance imaging are the same as knee kinematics in dynamic weight-bearing motion. Magnetic resonance imaging provides excellent volumetric detail but is static. Fluoroscopic imaging provides for dynamic observation of knee kinematics but provides no direct observation of the soft-tissue structures. We...

This paper presents a new approach to calculate the direct and inverse differential kinematics for serial manipulators. The approach is an extension of the Davies method for open kinematic chains based on a virtual kinematic chain concept introduced in this paper. It is a systematic method that unifies the kinematics of serial manipulators considering the type of kinematics and the coordinate s...

The lower limb sidestepping kinematics of 20 elite female athletes were calculated using: 1) an established direct kinematic (DK) model (criterion) and, 2) two inverse kinematic (IK) models; one with and one without participant-specific joint co-ordinates prescribed during model preparation. The aim of this research was to determine whether prescribing joint co-ordinates influences the accuracy...