This paper proposes CMOS LC-tank divide-by-3 injection locked frequency dividers (ILFDs) fabricated in 0.18 μm and 90nm CMOS process and describes the circuit design, operation principle and measurement results of the ILFDs. The ILFDs use two injection series-MOSFETs across the LC resonator and a differential injection signal is applied to the gates of injection MOSFETs. The direct-injection di...

In order to comply with stringent pollutant emissions regulations, a detailed analysis of the engine combustion and emission is required. In this field, computational tools like CFD and engine cycle simulation play a fundamental role. Therefore, the goal of the present work is to simulate a high speed DI diesel engine and study the combustion and major diesel engine emissions with more deta...

background and aims . dentists administer thousands of local anesthetic injections every day. injection to a highly vascular area such as pterygomandibular space during an inferior alveolar nerve block has a high risk of intravascular needle entrance. accidental intravascular injection of local anesthetic agent with vasoconstrictor may result in cardiovascular and central nervous system toxicit...