Perceptual learning is a key perceptual skill that people possess, in particular, it contributes to their ability to distinguish between faces thus recognize individuals. Recently, we showed that anodal transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) at Fp3 abolishes the inversion effect (that would otherwise exist) for familiar checkerboards created from a prototype. Because of the close analog...

The causal effect of a treatment on an outcome is generally mediated by several intermediate variables. Estimation of the component of the causal effect of a treatment that is not mediated by an intermediate variable (the direct effect of the treatment) is often relevant to mechanistic understanding and to the design of clinical and public health interventions. Robins, Greenland and Pearl devel...

in this research we study the influencing factors that have direct effect on successful ais implementing. according to other researches, we specified some factors that are most efficacious ones, and categorized them through three main hypotheses of human recourses, technical characteristics of ais and management strategies. to study various dimensions of these groups we determined some other fa...

T HERE has been increasing interest in the role of anesthetic drugs and opioids in cancer recurrence and metastasis. Epidemiologic studies in this area have suggested that patients who receive general anesthesia with opioids rather than local or regional anesthetics have a greater rate of cancer recurrence. Several retrospective studies have shown a reduced incidence of cancer recurrence after ...