Nowadays with the ever-increasing growth in social media platforms and the creation of different forms of online activism, the word known as “Campaign” has become a familiar and useful term in people’s everyday lives. Campaigns with all kinds of social aims especially using Hashtags are run on social media platforms by individuals, charities, NGOs, governments, municipalities and brand companie...

human advancements in science and technology have also developed to libraries leading to the emergence of the phenomenon of the digital libraries. therefore, authors decided to open the new view in the development of science and technology by examining both the copyright and digital library. it seems that in the digital library we must distinguish between two types of public and private librari...

Grid technologies support collaborative e-Research typified by multiple institutions and resources seamlessly shared to tackle common research problems. The rules for collaboration and resource sharing are commonly achieved through establishment and management of virtual organizations (VOs) where policies on access and usage of resources by collaborators are defined and enforced by sites involv...

Sadly, it is becoming increasingly difficult for our public institutions to live up to Carnegie’s vision. Not because of slashed budgets to our library systems, to the arts and humanities. Not because of diminishing literary standards. Not even because of a diminished taste for reading in correspondence to the advent of television, movies, computers and digital media. Rather, one of the most si...

In this paper 1 we discuss the security requirements for mediation, and present our approach towards satisfying them, with an emphasis on conndentiality and authenticity. Furthermore we outline the design of the basic security mechanisms for mediators. Our basic approach suitably combines the concepts of credentials, for authentic authorization with some kind of anonymity , and of asymmetric en...

purpose: this study aimed to investigate the status of the open access policies of highly-ranked digital repositories in the world’s universities by identifying the policies regarding the components of submission, content, data, meta-data, preservation, and access. methodology: this survey was descriptive-analytical. data was collected by administrating a researcher-made questionnaire completed...