Fermentation of grain in the rumen and the digestion of starch in the small intestine are influenced by both animal and grain characteristics. Two assays were established to determine the importance of grain characteristics on fermentation and enzyme digestion. To simulate microbial fermentation in the rumen finely milled samples of grain were incubated in rumen fluid and the end products of fe...

Abstract Lignocellulosic biomass wastes are abundant resources that usually valorized for methane-rich biogas via anaerobic digestion. Conversion of lignocellulose into volatile fatty acids (VFA) rather than is attracting attention due to the higher value-added products come with VFA utilization. This review consolidated latest studies associated characteristics lignocellulosic biomass, effects...

A digestion trial using cannulated lactating cows was conducted to evaluate the influence of barley grain processing on characteristics of ruminal fermentation and the site and extent of digestion. The experiment consisted in 4 periods and lasted 84 days. The total mixed rations contained 39.86% of grains and 42.90% of alfalfa hay and the rest of ration was composed mainly by cane molasses, fat...

Sludge is a typical solid waste of sewage treatment plants, and its disposal methods have attracted much attention. This paper summarized the current technical routes for sludge in China, including anaerobic digestion, fermentation, incineration, landfill, land utilization, building materials utilization. In context energy saving carbon reduction promotion resource recovery, enhanced pretreatme...

The benzoic and cinnamic acids found in forages were tested for their inhibitory effects on digestion of cellulose and hemicellulose by mixed cultures of rumen microorganisms in vitro. Rate and extent of cellulose digestion with the addition of cinnamic acids were determined. The benzoic acids and aldehydes were also compared for their inhibitory potential. Of the benzoic acid derivatives, only...

the digestibility and fermentation parameters of the diets containing leaf, pod and seed of the subabul tree in sheep was determined by using two steps digestion and gas production (gp) methods. the experimental diets consisted of 0.0 (control), 25, 50, 75 and 100 percent of the leaf, pod and seed of the subabul tree that were replaced with alfalfa in diets of sheep. diets containing 50 percent...

Several livestock species have the ability to digest fiber via microbial fermentation and to obtain useful energy from this process. However, in ruminants, fermentation of fiber occurs prior to the small intestine (Figure 1). Thus, microbial protein that is produced, as fiber is being digested, is available for digestion to amino acids with subsequent absorption for use by the animal. Although ...

This study was carried out to investigate the potential fermentation properties of juçara pulp, using pH-controlled anaerobic batch cultures reflective of the distal region of the human large intestine. Effects upon major groups of the microbiota were monitored over 24h incubations by fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH). Short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) were measured by HPLC. Phenolic compo...

Wild blueberries are rich in polyphenols and have several potential health benefits. Understanding the factors that affect the bioaccessibility and bioavailability of polyphenols is important for evaluating their biological significance and efficacy as functional food ingredients. Since the bioavailability of polyphenols such as anthocyanins is generally low, it has been proposed that metabolit...