An efficient, mild, and generally applicable protocol for copper-mediated oxidative decarboxylative coupling of arylpropiolic acids with dialkyl H-phosphonates in water has been developed. Note that the reaction could proceed smoothly under air at relatively low temperature (60 °C), and the addition of isopropanol could successfully suppress the decomposition of dialkyl H-phosphonates in water.

Sulfonated, water-soluble imidazolium and imidazolinium salts were synthesized and the respective Pd-complexes with N,N'-bis(2,6-dialkyl-4-SO(3)(-)-phenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene and N,N'-bis(2,6-dialkyl-4-SO(3)(-)-phenyl)-4,5-dihydroimidazol-2-ylidene ligands were applied in aqueous Suzuki coupling reactions of aryl chlorides.

A new highly efficient three-component reaction of alkyl acrylate, aldehyde and dialkyl malonate using ethyl diphenylphosphine as organocatalyst has been described. Various highly functional compounds bearing hydroxyl groups and the ester functions can be easily prepared in moderate to good yields according to our one-step procedure. The reactions are believed to proceed via Morita-Baylis-Hillm...

A novel bis(phosphinimine)pyrrole based ligand (HL) and its synthesis are reported. Rare earth dialkyl complexes of the ligand, LLn(CH(2)SiMe(3))(2) (Ln = Er, Lu, Sc), have been prepared and found to exhibit high thermal stability in solution. The protio-ligand and dialkyl lanthanide complexes (Ln = Er, Lu) have been characterised by single crystal X-ray diffraction studies.

The objective of this study was to understand the effects of fumarate addition on methane (CH4) and VFA production in the rumen through a meta-analysis of its effects on ruminal batch cultures. Because the reduction of fumarate to succinate can draw electrons away from ruminal methanogenesis, fumarate has been studied as a potential feed additive to decrease CH4 production in ruminants. The ave...

The scope of applications of dialkyl dicyanofumarates and maleates as highly functionalized electron-deficient dipolarophiles, dienophiles and Michael acceptors is summarized. The importance for the studies on reaction mechanisms of cycloadditions is demonstrated. Multistep reactions with 1,2-diamines and β-aminoalcohols leading to diverse five- and six-membered heterocycles are discussed. Appl...

Iron is a very important element to form hemoglobin (Hb). Blood supplement tablets which are often consumed in the process of adding iron ferro fumarate, so this study aims determine levels (Fe) contained blood drugs (ferro fumarate). This type research was laboratory experiment using complexometric method and complex forming substance, namely disodium ethylene diamine tetra acetate (Na2EDTA). ...

objective(s): ketotifen fumarate (kf) is a selective and noncompetitive histamine antagonist (h1-receptor) that is used topically in the treatment of allergic conditions of rhinitis and conjunctivitis. the aim of this study was to formulate and improve an ophthalmic delivery system of kf.ocular nanoparticles were prepared with the objective of reducing the frequency of administration and obtain...

A one-pot and efficient approach to the synthesis of dialkyl 2-[1-[(alkoxycarbonyl)anilino]-2(1H)(isoquinolin-2-yl) (or -quinolin-1-yl or -pyridin-1-yl)]-2-butenedioates is described. This method involves a three-component reaction between isoquinoline, quinoline or pyridine, dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylates and N-phenylcarbamates under solvent-free conditions, without using any catalyst and at ...

Four mono(boratabenzene) rare-earth metal dialkyl complexes, [(3,5-Me2-C5H3BR)Ln(CH2SiMe3)2(THF)] (1: R = NEt2, Ln = Sc; 2: R = NEt2, Ln = Lu; 3: R = Ph, Ln = Sc; 4: R = Ph, Ln = Lu), were synthesized efficiently via a one-pot strategy with Li[3,5-Me2-C5H3BR] (R = NEt2, Ph), LnCl3(THF)x (Ln = Sc, x = 3; Ln = Lu, x = 0), and LiCH2SiMe3. The solid-state structures of 1 and 2 were determined by si...