Home based enterprises (HBEs) are an accepted component in the informal sector in rapidly developing cities. However, they have generally received quite a bad press, especially through a concentration on the exploitation evident in piece-rate homework. From our work in low-income neighbourhoods in 1 The author gratefully acknowledges the assistance of the following in the data collection and an...

Under predicted global climate change, species will be gradually exposed to warmer temperatures, and to a more variable climate including more intense and more frequent heatwaves. Increased climatic variability is expected to have different effects on species and ecosystems than gradual warming. A key challenge to predict the impact of climate change is to understand how temperature changes wil...

XIN-GENG WANG, JOHN DUFF, MICHAEL A. KELLER, MYRON P. ZALUCKI, SHU-SHENG LIU AND PETER BAILEY School of Agriculture and Wine, University of Adelaide, SA 5064, Australia; Institute of Applied Entomology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China; Gatton Research Centre, Queensland Department of Primary Industries, QLD 4343, Australia; School of Life Sciences, University of Queensland, QLD 4072...

The diamondback moth Plutella xylostella (L.) is the major pest of brassicas in the oceanic Pacific, where it is often associated with the cabbage cluster caterpillar Crocidolomia pavonana (F.) and, less frequently, with the cabbage webworms Hellula undalis (F.) and H. rogatalis Hulst. Cotesia plutellae Kurdjumov (and, at most, no more than one other major parasitoid in any one country) is pres...

The concentration and ratio of terpenoids in the headspace volatile blend of plants have a fundamental role in the communication of plants and insects. The sesquiterpene (E)-nerolidol is one of the important volatiles with effect on beneficial carnivores for biologic pest management in the field. To optimize de novo biosynthesis and reliable and uniform emission of (E)-nerolidol, we engineered ...

Diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella, is known for causing damage to Brassica crops and developing resistance to chemical and biological pesticides; it has become one of the most difficult pests to manage in many regions around the world. The only way to reduce reliance on pesticides is to maximize the role of natural control agents for integrated pest management programs and be able to ...