The distribution system is prone to failures and disturbances due to weather related issues and human errors. The distributed generation is expected to play a key role in the power system. The reliability of the power supply can be improved in the presence of distributed generation (DG). In this paper, general assessment of the impact of distributed generation (DG) on the distribution system re...

How Do R&D Programs Funded by the DG XII (Science, Research and Development Directorate) of the European Commission Impact the Upstream Oil and Gas Industry in Europe? — This paper provides an overview of the direct and indirect impact which DG XII funding for research and development has on the oil and gas exploration and production industry in Europe. Despite the relatively low level of fundi...

The main purpose of this paper is to study the reliability due to the employment of distributed generations (DG) integrated to distribution system. The system under this study is from Provincial Electricity Authority (PEA) that is a part of Thailand’s distribution system. Data of geographic information systems (GIS) including the distance of distribution line and location of load that are param...

Protection of radial distribution networks is widely based on coordinated inverse time overcurrent relays (OCRs) ensuring both effectiveness and selectivity. However, the integration of distributed generation (DG) into an existing distribution network not only inevitably increases fault current levels to levels that may exceed the OCR ratings, but it may also disturb the original overcurrent re...

This paper is an intent to quantify the impact of distributed generation (DG) over active and reactive power losses on distribution system. The novelty of this paper is the use of new a relevant index: DG penetration level, DG dispersion and DG technologies. Several simulations over a simple distribution system were done. Implications about location and size of DG units were considered using pe...

The ongoing deregulation of electricity industries worldwide is providing incentives for microgrids, entities that use small-scale distributed generation (DG) and combined heat and power (CHP) applications to meet local energy loads, to evolve independently of the traditional centralised grid in order to provide greater flexibility and energy efficiency to end-use consumers. We examine the impa...

Racemates increase the chances of crystallization by allowing molecular contacts to be formed in a greater number of ways. With the advent of protein synthesis, the production of protein racemates and racemic-protein crystallography are now possible. Curiously, racemic DNA crystallography had not been investigated despite the commercial availability of L- and D-deoxyribo-oligonucleotides. Here,...

Static voltage stability is considered as one of the main issues for primary identification before voltage collapsing in distribution systems. Although, the optimum siting of distributed generation resources in distribution electricity network can play a significant role in voltage stability improving and losses reduction, the high penetration level of them can lead to reduction in the improvem...

The concept of traditional distribution networks with unidirectional power flow is weakening due to large penetration of Distributed Generation (DG). The penetration of DG may impact the operation of a distribution network in both beneficial and detrimental ways. Some of the positive impacts of DG are voltage support, power loss reduction, support of ancillary services and improved reliability,...