A number of research groups have been investigating the use of dedicated breast computerized tomography (CT). Preliminary results have been encouraging, suggesting an improved visualization of masses on breast CT as compared to conventional mammography. Nonetheless, there are many challenges to overcome before breast CT can become a routine clinical reality. One potential improvement over curre...

The performance of a fast pixel array detector with a grid mask resolution enhancer has been demonstrated for X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy (XPCS) measurements to investigate fast dynamics on a microscopic scale. A detecting system, in which each pixel of a single-photon-counting pixel array detector, PILATUS, is covered by grid mask apertures, was constructed for XPCS measurements of s...

One of the methods for detecting the target position error in the laser tracking systems is using Four Quadrant (4Q) detectors. If the coordinates of the target center is yielded through the usual relations of the detector outputs, the results will be nonlinear, dependent on the shape, target size and its position on the detector screen. In this paper we have designed an algorithm with using ne...

T his series of articles continues with an analysis of PLL synthesizer design trade-offs. The simple single-loop PLL synthesizer approach exhibits various limitations and trade-offs. Thus, achieving a good performance combination (e.g., small step size and low phase noise) usually requires more sophisticated solutions. The common design trade-offs as well as various methods to improve synthesiz...

Photoacoustic tomography (PAT) is new imaging modality for visualizing the optical absorption coefficient of a probe. It has proven great promise for a variety of biomedical applications, such as imaging of animals, early cancer diagnostics, and imaging of vasculature (see [9, 21, 27, 30, 38, 39, 40, 43]). PAT is based on the excitation of acoustic pressure waves by illuminating a probe with sh...

Nonparametric detection of a zero-mean random signal in additive noise is considered. The locally optimum detector based on signs and ranks of observations is derived, for good weak-signal detection performance under any specified noise probability density function. This detector is shown to have interesting similarities to the locally optimum detector for random signals. It may also be viewed ...