BACKGROUND The objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence and severity of dental fluorosis and to evaluate exposure to fluoridated products in students in the southwest part of the Federal District (Mexico City). MATERIAL AND METHODS Students between 10 and 12 years of age who were born and raised in the study zone were evaluated. The level of dental fluorosis was determined...

OBJECTIVE To assess the effects of provided fluoride-safe drinking-water for the prevention and control of endemic fluorosis in China. DESIGN A national cross-sectional study in China. SETTING In 1985, randomly selected villages in 27 provinces (or cities and municipalities) in 5 geographic areas all over China. PARTICIPANTS Involved 81 786 children aged from 8 to 12 and 594 698 adults ag...

Objective: The aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of fluoride on salivary immunoglobulin and sialic acid levels in children with dental fluorosis and healthy teeth who live in places with high fluoride concentration in drinking water. Method: Fifty-one (51) healthy children between 6 and 12 years old with no caries were randomly selected from primary schools enrolled in the dental-ca...

UNLABELLED Aesthetic perception of the changes in teeth appearance is one of the factors that makes a person undertake a dental treatment. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to survey dentists' and non-specialists' aesthetic perception of dental fluorosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS We recruited 120 young people (age range 18-22 years with little knowledge of dental fluorosis and 120 randomly se...

The present paper examines the relationship between hydrochemical characteristics and endemic dental fluorosis, controlling for variables with information on an individual level. An epidemiological survey was carried out in seven rural communities in two municipalities in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The Thystrup & Fejerskov index was employed by a single examiner for the diagnosis of den...

Human enamel development of the permanent teeth takes place during childhood and stresses encountered during this period can have lasting effects on the appearance and structural integrity of the enamel. One of the most common examples of this is the development of dental fluorosis after childhood exposure to excess fluoride, an elemental agent used to increase enamel hardness and prevent denta...

OBJECTIVE To screen environmental response genes related to dental fluorosis, and to provide clues for further researches of the molecular mechanism of fluorosis. METHODS The leukocyte gene expression profiles of control group, high-loaded fluoride group and dental fluorosis group were tested using the gene chiR HG-U133A from Affymetrix company. The results were analyzed by bioinformatical me...

A random sample of 206 Michigan children, aged from 9 to 13, were examined for fluorosis from a larger group of 2038 children participating in a dental project. Clinical examinations included caries data (DMFS) and assessment of fluorosis by use of the Tooth Surface Index of Fluorosis (TSIF). Separate examiners were used for each index. The response rate of a questionnaire mailed to parents to ...

Dental fluorosis is a developmental disturbance of dental enamel, caused by successive exposures to high concentrations of fluoride during tooth development, leading to enamel with lower mineral content and increased porosity. The severity of dental fluorosis depends on when and for how long the overexposure to fluoride occurs, the individual response, weight, degree of physical activity, nutri...

Fluoride contaminated drinking water is a global problem affecting more than 25 nations and over 200 million people globally. The present study was aimed to determine the fluoride concentration in the drinking water of certain areas of Lahore (Manga Mandi, Ali Razaabad, Nawab town, Patoki, Multan road, Judicial colony, Dubai town, Mustafa town) and its relationship to dental fluorosis. A total ...