OBJECTIVE This study examined 1) whether patients with chronic and recurrent anxiety and depressive disorders and/or personality disorders demonstrate improvement in their defense styles with long-term dynamic psychotherapy and 2) what the relationship is between defense style change and symptomatic change. METHOD Measures of defense (Defense Style Questionnaire) and symptoms and functioning ...

OBJECTIVE Identification of pretreatment patient characteristics predictive of psychotherapy outcome could help to guide treatment choices. This study evaluates patients' initial level of immature defense style as a predictor of the outcome of short-term versus long-term psychotherapy. METHOD In the Helsinki Psychotherapy Study, 326 adult outpatients with mood or anxiety disorder were randomi...

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In the present study, the defense styles were assessed in alcohol-dependent patients to verify whether they used less adaptive defense mechanisms compared with healthy controls and to evaluate if immature defense styles (IDSs) are related with alexithymia, while controlling the effect of age, temperament, and character on this relationship in male alcohol-dependent inpatients. Participants were...

This study investigated the association between Iranian university students' perception of their fathers and their object-relation and defense mechanism. Participants were 438 students between 18-22 years from Allameh Tabatabae University, who agreed to fill the Fatherhood Scale out (Dick, 2004), Bell object relation inventory and defense mechanism style, and defense style questionnaire (DSQ-40...

Objective: The aim of the present article was to study the relationship between early maladaptive schemas and the defense styles (mature, immature, and neurotic) in asthmatics, alexithymics and normal subjects. Methods: 216 asthmatic, alexithymic and normal subjects were selected and they completed Young Schema Questionnaire (short form), Defense Style Questionnaire and the Farsi version of ...

the aim of this study was to compare defense styles and mechanisms in adult patients suffering from obsessive-compulsive disorder (ocd), and panic disorder (pd) with normal subjects in iran.defensive patterns of 22 patients with ocd, 28 patients with pd and those of 116 normal individuals (as a control group) were assessed using the farsi version of defense style questionnaire-40 (dsq-40). the ...