Sinkholes are a significant underground hazard that threatens infrastructure and lives sometimes results in fatalities. The annual cost of sinkhole damages exceeds $300 million, although this estimate is likely underestimated due to the need for national tracking. can also alter natural drainage patterns, leading increased flood risk. While sinkholes occur, those urban areas predominantly manma...

this study deals with a two-level supply chain consisting of one manufacturer and one retailer. we consider an integrated production inventory system where the manufacturer processes raw materials in order to deliver finished product with imperfect quality to the retailer, where number of defective product has a uniform distribution. the retailer receives product and conducts a 100% inspection....

Pseudomonas sp. M18, isolated from the watermelon rhizosphere, is antagonistic against a number of soil-borne pathogens. This strain produces an uncharacterized red pigment, pyoluteorin (Plt), and two N-acylhomoserine lactones (AHLs). A previously isolated red-pigment-defective mutant, M18-T510, contains an insert within a gene similar to rhlI in P. aeruginosa PAO1. The M18 rhlI gene product is...

A graph G is (j, k)-colorable if its vertices can be partitioned into subsets V1 and V2 such that in G[V1] every vertex has degree at most j and in G[V2] every vertex has degree at most k. We prove that if k ≥ 2j + 2, then every graph with maximum average degree at most 2 ( 2− k+2 (j+2)(k+1) ) is (j, k)colorable. On the other hand, we construct graphs with the maximum average degree arbitrarily...

Based on the structural viscoelastic boundary theory, considering geological changes of soil layer and depth tunnel crossing, dynamic time course analysis is carried out for defective lined tube sheet structure under non-uniform seismic excitation, to obtain force deformation law whole as well section. Analyze response shield non-consistent excitation influence misalignment factors, summarize i...

Plants achieve mineral ion homeostasis by means of a hydrophobic barrier on endodermal cells called the Casparian strip, which restricts lateral diffusion of ions between the root vascular bundles and the soil. We identified a family of sulfated peptides required for contiguous Casparian strip formation in Arabidopsis roots. These peptide hormones, which we named Casparian strip integrity facto...

Potato plants harboring Phytochrome B (PHYB) gene from Arabidopsis thaliana or rol genes from Agrobacterium rhizogenes were used to study the effect of transgene expression on structure and properties of starch in tubers. Thermodynamic characteristics of starch (melting temperature, enthalpy of melting, thickness of crystalline lamellae) were shown to be variable depending on the transgene expr...

The capacity of mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal root systems to reduce nitrate (NO₃⁻) and ammonium (NH₄⁺) loss from soils via leaching was investigated in a microcosm-based study. A mycorrhiza defective tomato mutant and its mycorrhizal wildtype progenitor were used in this experiment in order to avoid the indirect effects of establishing non-mycorrhizal control treatments on soil nitrogen cycl...