smirnovia iranica (sabeti) synonym: smirnovia turkestana (bunge) is a deciduous perennial bushy species of the fabaceae (papilionaceae) family. the species grow on sand dunes of desert areas, having a deep vertical root and very long horizontal or lateral roots. they have an important role in natural vegetation of desert and sand dune stabilization. limited growing areas, grazing due to good pa...

Smirnovia iranica (Sabeti) synonym: Smirnovia turkestana (Bunge) is a deciduous perennial bushy species of the Fabaceae (Papilionaceae) family. The species grow on sand dunes of desert areas, having a deep vertical root and very long horizontal or lateral roots. They have an important role in natural vegetation of desert and sand dune stabilization. Limited growing areas, grazing due to good pa...

since the introduction of engine-driven nickel-titanium (niti) instruments, attempts have been made to minimize or eliminate their inherent defects, increase their surface hardness/flexibility and also improve their resistance to cyclic fatigue and cutting efficiency. the various strategies of enhancing instrument surface include ion implantation, thermal nitridation, cryogenic treatment and el...

igh-temperature corrosion/oxidation has been shown to be a major contributor to the wear of tungsten carbide when machining medium density fiberboard (MDF) (Stewart 1992). Consequently, a change in the properties of the tool material to resist wear from the adverse wood machining environment needs to be investigated. A deep cryogenic treatment shows promise as a tool material treatment for incr...

OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is to investigate the role of dry cryogenic treatment (CT) temperature and time on the Vickers hardness and wear resistance of new martensitic shape memory (SM) nickel-titanium (NiTi) alloy. The null hypothesis tested was that there is no difference in Vickers hardness and wear resistance between SM NiTi alloys following CT under two soaking temperatures and tim...

Cryogenic etching of silicon, using an inductively coupled plasma reactive ion etcher ICP-RIE , has extraordinary properties which can lead to unique structures difficult to achieve using other etching methods. In this work, the authors demonstrate the application of ICP-RIE techniques which capitalize on the cryogenic properties to create different sensors geometries: optical, electrical, magn...

The word, “Cryogenics” is taken from two Greek words – “kryos” which means cold or freezing, and “genes” meaning born or generated. Technologically, it means the study and use of materials (or other requirements) at very low temperatures. In general cryogenic treatment consists of slow cooling already heat treated part to approximately -196C, holding at low temperature up to prescribed period, ...

The aim of this paper is to focus on the effect of cryogenic treatment on the microstructure, mechanical and wear properties of Al 6061 and Al 8011.  The first objective was to understand the degree to which hardness of these aluminium grades have been enhanced by giving  cryogenic on the specimens. The second objective is to check the wear resistance property of these two aluminium specimens i...