Taking advantage of lower foreign tax rates using transfer pricing and taking advantage of lower production costs using offshoring are two strategies that global companies use to increase their profitability. Evidence suggests that firms employ these strategies independently. We study how global firms can jointly leverage tax and cost differences through coordinated transfer pricing and offshor...

Large international collaborations that use decentralized computing models are becoming a custom rather than an exception in High Energy Physics. A good computing model for such big collaborations has to deal with the distribution of the experiment-specific software

In this paper, we compare the two research fields of grid computing and autonomous decentralized systems (ADS). We point out that these two fields are closely related at the basic research level, and have a lot to offer each other. A grid computing system can be viewed as an autonomous decentralized system in many aspects, and as such, it needs inputs from the ADS research community. At the sam...

We investigate the performance of a randomized coordination mechanism for resource access in an autonomous decentralized system. Given n users and r resources, each user decides to access a resource with probability a, and each resource is selected with equal likelihood. The goal i s to select a so that mutually conjicting decisions, where multiple users try to access the same resource, are min...

In autonomous decentralized FMS, the number of agents and constant installation position has been studied in previous studies. Therefore, in this study, we are considering to change the position of the warehouse and the number of AGVs to redesign the factory form and evaluate the changes in the production of autonomous decentralized FMS. By being inspired by human mind, we are proposing Minimum...

In this paper, the competition between two supply chains and their elements is studied. Each chain consisted of a manufacturer and a distributor and the two chains compete in a market with single type of customer sensitive to price and delivery time. Therefore, this is a two-supply chain game and during the competition between two supply chains, elements of each supply chain (manufacturer and/o...

in this paper, the problem of decentralized model reference adaptive control (mrac) for a class of large scale systems with time varying delay in interconnected term and input and state delays is studied. to compensate the effect of input delay indirectly, a smith predictor built on. to handle the effects of the time delays in input, the adaptive controller part includes two auxiliary dynamic f...

This paper gives a decentralized approach to the problem of failure prognosis in the framework of fuzzy discrete event systems (FDES). A notion of co-predictability is formalized for decentralized prognosis of FDESs, where several local agents with fuzzy observability rather than crisp observability are used in the prognosis task. An FDES is said to be co-predictable if each faulty event can be...

In the current study, a dual-channel supply chain is considered containing one manufacturer and two retailers. It is assumed that the manufacturer and retailers have the same decision powers. A game-theoretic approach is developed to analyze pricing decisions under the centralized and decentralized scenarios. First, the Nash model is established to obtain the equilibrium decisions in the decent...

This article studies the optimization of pricing decisions in a supply chain with different channels under different power structure. Three different channel will be considered here; these include: the decentralized, the semi-integrated, and the integrated channel. There are two types of power balance structures for both the decentralized and the semi-integrated channels. The first type is a le...