i) ‘English is neutral’ since no cultural requirements are tied to the learning of English, [...] English belongs to everyone or no one, or at least is quite often regarded as having this property. Ronald Wardhaugh (1987) ii) ‘English is imperialist’ What is at stake when English spreads is not merely the substitution or displacement of one language by another [...] from an awareness of this as...

Introduction: The purpose of my project was to understand and evaluate currently available formal verification tools from Microsoft for the purpose of verifying window drivers. I eventually applied combinations of the Microsoft Verification tools to four separate drivers. The first was an extremely simple “Hello World” driver, based on an introduction to Windows Drivers found online. The second...

Digital Reverberation is everywhere. In only eleven years it has gone from one of the first really cost-effective uses of digital technology to being indispensable to modern recording. This paper presents some of the origins of digital reverberation in the extensive earlier work at the British Broadcasting Corporation, Bell Laboratories, and elsewhere. It will discuss the advantages and disadva...

CP violation in the B system [1] has been established by the recent measurements of sin 2β, with a world average of sin 2β = 0.78 ± 0.08 [2]. The main B decay used to probe the weak phase β is the so-called “gold-plated” mode B d(t) → J/ψKS. In order to extract weak-phase information cleanly, i.e. with no hadronic uncertainties, a given B decay must be dominated by a single weak decay amplitude...

Species (Cites) in 1989, to halt the steep decline in elephant numbers. “Wild elephant populations were decimated by the ivory trade. By the time the 1989 Cites ban came into force, Africa’s elephants had been reduced by more than 50 per cent,” says Mark Jones, programmes director at Care for the Wild, an international wildlife charity which commissioned the mammoth ivory report. “Poaching cont...

A simple and fast analysis procedure for supernova spectra is presented. Included in the presentation is an introduction to the Sobolev method of radiative transfer, a description of a simple model of a supernova, a catalogue of line profiles illustrating line formation in the simple supernova model, and an example analysis of the SN 1987A photometry and optical spectra. The SN 1987A analysis i...

What a year for David Masopust. The 36-year-old microbiologist won the NIH Director's New Innovator Award in September, shortly after winning the American Society for Microbiology ICAAC Young Investigator Award and the Beckman Foundation Young Investigator Award. Lymphocytes hadn't even crossed his mind 15 years ago. But after some soul searching and tapir tracking in Costa Rica, Masopust began...

Background: At Nottingham University more than 95% of entrants to the traditional 5-year medical course are school leavers. Since 2003 we have admitted graduate entrants (GEM) to a shortened (4-year) course to 'widen access to students from more disadvantaged backgrounds'. We have recently shown that the GEM course widens academic and socio-demographic diversity of the medical student populatio...

the goal of this section is to provide insights into the thoughts and perspectives of some of dentistry's premier educators. in this issue, aacd conference advisory co-chair dr. hugh flax (hf) interviews dr. david sarver (ds). dr. sarver is scheduled to present at the aacd's 24th annual scientific session in new orleans in may 2008. for more information on aacd's conference, log onto www.aacd.com