On average, about a thousand tornadoes hit the United States every year. Three out of every four tornadoes in the world, occur in the United States. They damage life and property in their path and they often hit with very little, sometimes no warning. Tornadoes cause approximately 70 fatalities and 1,500 injuries in US every year. The interest of this study is to find whether the fatalities and...

Civil jury instructions are inconsistent in defining what constitutes noneconomic damages, which may include pain, suffering, disability, disfigurement, and loss of enjoyment of life (LEL), among other injury sequelae. This inconsistency has been manifested recently in court decisions that have considered whether LEL should be treated as a separate element of noneconomic damages, distinct from ...

INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................854 I. THEORIES AND CRITIQUES OF PUNITIVE DAMAGES ........................857 A. The History and Theories of Punitive Damages Awards ......... 857 B. Critiques of Punitive Damages ........................................... 860 II. THE SUPREME COURT’S PUNITIVE DAMAGES JURISPRUDENCE .......863 III....

Federal environmental laws encourage private citizens to act like "private attorney generals" and to sue a firm. This citizen group competes over the rewards of levels of regulation and enforcement. The firm can reduce its output to curtail the likelihood of losing the contest. This paper explores whether one can combine citizen suits with Pigovian punitive damages to equate private and social ...

Crop damages to wildlife is a frequent form of human-wildlife conflict. Identifying areas where the risk of crop damages is highest is pivotal to set up preventive measures and reduce conflict. Species distribution models are routinely used to predict species distribution in response of environmental changes. The aim of this paper was assessing whether species distribution models can allow to i...

This paper looks at Texas tort law reform to make claims regarding the relationship between Texas tort reform and damages recovered. Starting with reform in 1977, Texas has passed 15 pieces of legislation that, in principle, restrict the damages plaintiffs recover. Most empirical analyses have focused primarily on analyzing behavior resulting from the tort reform. In other cases, research has l...