introduction: gestational diabetes mellitus (gdm) is defined as abnormal glucose tolerance that is first identified or diagnosedduring pregnancy.deiodinase d2 is essential for the local production of t3 through deiodination of triiodothyroxine (t4). several polymorphisms in d2 have been described. the single-nucleotide polymorphism (snp) in d2 thr92ala is associated with decreased enzyme activi...

OBJECTIVE Though D2 lymphadenectomy has been increasingly regarded as standard surgical procedure for advanced gastric cancer (GC), the modified D2 (D1 + 7, 8a and 9) lymphadenectomy may be more suitable than D2 dissection for T2 stage GC. The purpose of this study is to elucidate whether the surgical outcome of modified D2 lymphadenectomy was comparable to that of standard D2 dissection in T2 ...

introduction: a thyroid nodule is a palpable swelling in a thyroid gland with an otherwise normal appearance. palpable thyroid nodules occur in 4 to 7 percent of the population. nodular thyroid diseases are more frequent in women than in men. most actions of thyroid hormone are mediated by the active form of thyroid hormone. d2 is essential for formation of active hormone of t3 through deiodina...

PURPOSE To characterize differences in retinal ganglion cell (RGC) function in mouse strains relevant to disease models. C57BL/6J (B6) and DBA/2J (D2) are the two most common mouse strains; D2 has two mutated genes, tyrosinase-related protein 1 (Tyrp1) and glycoprotein non-metastatic melanoma protein B (Gpnmb), causing iris disease and intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation after 6 months of age ...

Dysregulation of dopamine transmission is thought to contribute to schizophrenic psychosis and drug dependence. Dopamine release is regulated by D2 dopamine autoreceptors, and D2 receptor ligands are used to treat psychosis and addiction. To elucidate the long-term effects of D2 autoreceptor activity on dopamine signaling, dopamine overflow evoked by single or paired-pulse stimulation was compa...

background: high levels of histamine and dopamine are found in the hippocampus. furthermore, interaction between histamine and dopaminergic d2 receptors has been demonstrated in the modulation of some behaviors. in the present study, interaction between histamine and dopaminergic d2 receptor in the dorsal hippocampus in the anxiety behavior has been investigated. methods: in this experimental s...

Dopaminergic transmission within limbic regions of the brain is highly dependent on the regulation of D2 receptor activity. Here we show that the neuronal calcium sensor-1 (NCS-1) can mediate desensitization of D2 dopamine receptors. Analysis of D2 receptors expressed in human embryonic kidney 293 cells indicates that NCS-1 attenuates agonist-induced receptor internalization via a mechanism tha...

the aim of this study was to evaluate the performances of methods such as sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (its) and 26s (d1/d2) regions of ribosomal dna, rflp analysis of the its region and commercial biochemical test kit for the identification of the yeasts isolated during spontaneous fermentation of fresh crushed pineapple juice. the experiments were conducted in thailand and au...

H2S retards H2 transport across Pd membranes used for H2 separation by forming a Pd4S scale that has both low H2 dissociation activity and low H-atom permeability. As hydrogen purification membranes, alloys such as Pd70Cu30 and Pd47Cu53 are attractive alternatives to pure Pd due to their resistance to formation of bulk sulfides. Nonetheless, exposure to H2S can decrease the permeability of Pd70...