OBJECTIVE The purpose of the present study was to examine whether there was a negative effect of caudal Zona Incerta deep brain stimulation (cZI DBS) on pharyngeal swallowing function in Parkinson's patients (PD). There are no former reports including swallowing and cZI DBS. METHODS Eight patients (aged 49-71 years; median 62) were evaluated pre- and post-operatively, at 6 and 12 months after...

A number of different approaches have been utilized in recent years for the treatment of Parkinson's disease with varying effects on associated communication disorders. In particular, the drug treatments based on levodopa therapy and, more recently, deep brain stimulation of the sub-thalamic nucleus (STN-DBS) have yielded variable effects on the speech disorders exhibited by the majority of per...

PURPOSE To evaluate the microshear bond strength (μSBS) of several universal adhesive systems applied on five different indirect restorative materials. MATERIALS AND METHODS Five CAD/CAM materials were selected: 1) indirect resin composite (LAV); 2) feldspathic glass ceramic (VTR); 3) leucite-reinforced glass-ceramic (EMP); 4) lithium disilicate ceramic (EMX); 5) yttrium-stabilized zirconium ...

INTRODUCTION The ventrolateral (VL) nucleus of the thalamus is the commonly chosen target for deep brain stimulation (DBS) to alleviate tremor. However, it has a poor efficacy in alleviating proximal tremor and patients may develop tolerance to the action component of tremor. We performed bilateral stimulation of the caudal or motor part of the zona incerta nucleus (cZI) to determine its safety...

Drought detecting is a necessary aspect of drought risk management. It is generally performed usingdifferent drought indices that are effectively continuous functions of rainfall and other hydro- meteorologicalvariables. A number of drought indices have been introduced and used in various countries to date. In thecurrent research, four meteorological drought indices including the standardized p...

The Raichur district is considered as a drought prone area in Karnataka. study was carried out to compare and evaluate the performance of six indices namely Standardized precipitation index (SPI), evapotranspiration (SPEI), China Z (CZI), Deciles, Percent Normal (PN) Rainfall anamoly (RAI). A time series were compared evaluated using histogram analytical hierarchy process (AHP). showed that PN,...

Cu2ZnI4 (CZI) is a non-perovskite-type iodide that has zincblende-derived layered structure. Since the identification of CZI in late 1980s, thin film synthesis and optoelectronic properties this compound have not ever been reported. We expect to be potential material because several Cu-based halides are excellent semiconductors. In study, we synthesized films investigated their optical properti...

Accurate Noctiluca scintillans bloom (NSB) recognition from space is of great significance for marine ecological monitoring and underwater target detection. However, most existing NSB models require expert visual interpretation or manual adjustment model thresholds, which limits application in operational monitoring. To address these problems, we developed a Bloom Recognition Network (NSBRNet) ...