background: helicobacter pylori (h. pylori) cytotoxin and its heterogeneity amongst strains has been closely linked to the varying infection-associated clinical outcomes. in order to determine the decisive role of the vacuolating cytotoxin (vaca) gene mosaicism in its corresponding gene expression and phenotype, we aimed to characterize vaca alleles of different h. pylori strains in addition to...

background : helicobacter pylori ( h. pylori ) infection is known as a major etiologic factor for a variety of gastroduodenal diseases. in iran, with a high rate of h. pylori infection close to 90%, numerous studies have revealed many aspects of interaction between the bacterium, mucosal surface and induction of disease outcome. the organism is genetically diverse and several virulence factors ...

background: helicobacter pylori strains have two classical virulence genes, the cytotoxinassociated a ( caga ) gene and the vacuolating cytotoxin a ( vaca ) gene, which are located in the cag pathogenicity island ( cag pai). serum immunoglobulin g (igg) antibodies to h. pylori , especially, the caga antigen may be a reliable marker for selection of dyspeptic patients for upper endoscopy. method...

BACKGROUND It has been reported that infection with vacuolating cytotoxin positive Helicobacter pylori strains is associated with gastroduodenal disease in Western countries. AIMS To evaluate the prevalence of cytotoxin producing strains among patients with H pylori infection in relation to gastrointestinal diseases in Japan. PATIENTS Ninety seven patients undergoing endoscopy. METHODS A ...

Genes encoding the cytotoxin-hemolysin of Vibrio vulnificus were cloned in Escherichia coli by using the lytic cloning vector, lambda 1059. Subcloning in plasmid pBR325 resulted in the isolation of a 3.2-kilobase DNA fragment containing the cytotoxin gene. By using this fragment as a DNA probe, homologous gene sequences were detected in all 54 V. vulnificus strains studied; homologous sequences...

Helicobacter pylori is the leading bacterial cause of food-borne illness worldwide and plays a major role in the development of chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric cancer. Strains isolated from patients contain the cagA gene (cytotoxin-associated gene A) and produce the vacuolating cytotoxin, VacA. Recent molecular and cellular studies of VacA action have begun to unravel its structure...

Serratia marcescens cytotoxin was purified to homogeneity by ion-exchange chromatography on a DEAE Sepharose Fast Flow column, followed by gel filtration chromatography on a Sephadex G100 column. The molecular mass of the cytotoxin was estimated to be about 50 kDa. Some biological properties of the cytotoxin were analyzed and compared with well-characterized toxins, such as VT1, VT2 and CNF fro...

Background and Objective: Helicobacter Pylori (H. pylori) is one of the reasons for the gastric inflammation and peptic ulcers. It is a predisposing factor of gastric adenocarcinoma. Cytotoxin A encoded by the cagA gene is one of the major virulence factors in bacterial pathogenicity, which is of special importance due to genetic diversity in different geographical areas. The purpose of this st...