Leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) of high-grade glioma is a highly lethal disease requiring new effective therapeutic measures. For both de novo or relapsed glioma with LM, intrathecal cytarabine chemotherapy is not frequently used for first-line and relapse protocols. We encountered a clinical case demonstrating effective application of cytarabine in high-grade glioma with LM, prompting us to exp...

BACKGROUND Cytarabine is the most effective agent known for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia. Its antitumor effect is expressed by combining with DNA during replication and then destroying the DNA chain. However, cytarabine has only limited activity against most solid tumors, including squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. The reason for this is thought to be that in cell lines o...

We present a case of cytarabine-induced syndrome inappropriate secretion antidiuretic hormone (SIADH), rare manifestation and complication, which based on review the medical literature was reported only in one prior report. It involves 74-year-old male with acute myeloid leukemia who developed asymptomatic hyponatremia during three cycles consolidation chemotherapy high-dose cytarabine (HiDAC)....

Cytarabine resistance characterizes relapsed and refractory acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). Restoration of cytarabine sensitivity can potentially improve treatment outcome in this setting. Acquired hypermethylation of gene promoters and associated silencing of gene expression has been implicated in chemo resistance, and drug-induced hypomethylation can improve sensitivity to cytarabine in vit...

PURPOSE To determine the possibility of synergistic antileukemic activity and the underlying molecular mechanisms associated with cytarabine combined with valproic acid (VPA; a histone deacetylase inhibitor and a Food and Drug Administration-licensed drug for treating both children and adults with epilepsy) in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The type and extent of ...

FLT3 abnormalities are negative prognostic markers in acute leukemia. Infant leukemias are a subgroup with frequent MLL (KMT2A) rearrangements, FLT3 overexpression and high sensitivity to cytarabine, but dismal prognosis. Cytarabine is transported into cells by Human Equilibrative Nucleoside Transporter-1 (hENT1, SLC29A1), but the mechanisms that regulate hENT1 in acute leukemia have been scarc...

In a recent article, Bishop et al’ state that high-dose cytarabine has not previously been used as induction for untreated acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In fact, high-dose cytarabine has been used by itself: with am~acrine,~ and with daunorubicin4 in this role. Additionally, doses of cytarabine significantly above those considered standard had previously been used by other groups for initial in...

Neutropenic enterocolitis (NEC) is an abdominal infection reported primarily in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) following chemotherapy, especially cytarabine, a notable efficacious cytotoxic agent for AML remission. Specific data regarding the impact of different cytarabine schedules and/or antibacterial regimens for NEC are sparse. The aim of the study was to identify the predictors...

Cytarabin is a chemotherapy agent that has found use in the treatment of cancers of white blood cells such as acute myeloid leukemia. Molecular dynamics simulation was carried out to investigate the interaction between the anticancer drug cytarabine and a DOPC/Chol lipid bilayer. MD simulations allowed one to estimate the position, orientation, and dynamics of cytarabine molecules inside the me...

Inhibition of Wee1 is emerging as a novel therapeutic strategy for cancer, and some data suggest that cells with dysfunctional p53 are more sensitive to Wee1 inhibition combined with conventional chemotherapy than those with functional p53. We and others found that Wee1 inhibition sensitizes leukemia cells to cytarabine. Thus, we sought to determine whether chemosensitization by Wee1 inhibition...