Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) overdrainage after lumboperitoneal (LP) shunt placement for the patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is mainly caused by insufficient management of pressure settings of the shunt valve and/or siphon effect of shunt systems induced by the patient's postural changes. We here report a unique case of intracranial hypotension (IH) due to CSF leakage...

Introduction: Hydrocephalus is one of the most common diseases in children, and its treatment requires brain operation. However, the pathophysiology of the disease is very complicated and still unknown.  Methods: Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy (ETV) and Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt (VPS) implantation are among the common treatments of hydrocephalus. In this study, Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) hyd...

OBJECT Eosinophils have been reported in children with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunts. The goal of this study was to describe the risk factors, relationship to infection, and clinical significance of CSF eosinophilia in a large group of shunt-treated patients. METHODS The authors performed a retrospective review of data obtained in all patients who underwent ventricular shunt placement or r...

OBJECT The objective of this systematic review was to answer the following question: What is the optimal treatment strategy for CSF shunt infection in pediatric patients with hydrocephalus? METHODS The US National Library of Medicine and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were queried using MeSH headings and key words relevant to the objective of this systematic review. Abstracts wer...

To cite: de Gusmäo CM, Berkowitz AL, Hung AY, et al. Pract Neurol 2015;15:42–44. INTRODUCTION Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) diversion by shunting provides effective management of hydrocephalus. However, complication rates of CSF shunts range from 5% to 50%. Most common are shunt infections and mechanical failures; these may lead either to underdrainage (with re-emergence of hydrocephalus) or overdr...

BACKGROUND Data on infections associated with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunts among adults are limited. Therefore, we performed a retrospective study of shunt-associated infections in adults. METHODS Patients aged > or = 12 years with infections associated with CSF shunts and admitted to our institution(University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland) from January 1996 through December 2006 we...

Background: Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (iNPH) is a disorder of the elderly with progressive worsening gait and balance, cognition, urinary control which requires assessment using criteria recommended by International iNPH guidelines. Methods: Adult Clinical Research Network (AHCRN) prospective registry data from 5-centers over 50-month interval included entry criteria; demographic...

Hydrocephalus is defined as an abnormal enlargement of the ventricles of the brain due to an excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) because of a disturbance of its flow, absorption and/or secretion. The usual method of CSF diversion is a ventriculo-peritoneal shunt. Complications of implanted shunt systems include mechanical failure, shunt pathway obstruction, infection, foreign bo...

Abdominal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pseudocyst is an uncommon complication following ventriculo-peritoneal (VP) shunt. The following report’s our experience with three cases of CSF pseudocyst in children. VP shunt was done earlier for communicating hydrocephalus following tubercular meningitis (TBM) in all cases. Clinical presentation was with progressive abdominal distension and features of in...

OBJECT The management of hydrocephalus can be challenging because of the unique cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) dynamics in each patient. Various shunt systems have been developed for the treatment of hydrocephalus. One of the main issues surrounding these systems is overshunting due to siphoning. In this paper the authors discuss the pathophysiology of CSF siphoning as well as the various devices us...