CONTEXT In about 10% of patients with chronic liver disease, it is not possible to identify an etiologic factor. These cases are called cryptogenic cirrhosis. Currently, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is being considered as a possible etiologic factor for a significant segment of patients that presents with cryptogenic cirrhosis. OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of risk factors for N...

BACKGROUND The present study aimed to determine lesion patterns and the stroke mechanisms in cryptogenic ischemic stroke patients with patent foramen ovale (PFO) on T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (T2WI) and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequences combined. METHODS In this retrospective study, 38 patients with cryptogenic stroke and an isolated PFO compared with 51 crypto...

Cryptogenic epilepsy is a group of epilepsy syndromes where aetiology is unknown but an underlying brain disease is suspected. Increased seropositivity for Toxocara and Toxoplasma gondii have been observed in epileptic patients with sparse data about their seropositivity in cryptogenic epileptic patients. Therefore, we investigated the probable relationship between seropositivity against T. gon...

BACKGROUND Cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis (synonymous with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis) is a clinically heterogeneous condition in which the precipitating factor is unclear. Both environmental and infective factors have been implicated. An association between Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis was suggested over a decade ago by a study based on EBV serology, but t...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Patent foramen ovale (PFO) is associated with cryptogenic stroke. There is no study that assessed the effect of age on adverse event rates in cryptogenic stroke patients with PFO. The purpose of this retrospective analysis from PFO in Cryptogenic Stroke Study (PICSS) database was to assess the effect of age on the risk of adverse events in medically treated cryptogenic st...

T he term cryptogenic ischemic stroke (or stroke of unde-termined pathogenesis) encompasses ischemic strokes without specific cause detected after adequate diagnostic workup. Cryptogenic stroke is, thus, a diagnosis done by exclusion. Strokes may remain cryptogenic if diagnostic evaluation is incomplete for one or another reason or in the presence of multiple competitive causes, such as atrial ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The cause of ischemic stroke remains unclear, or cryptogenic, in as many as 35% of patients with stroke. Not knowing the cause of stroke restricts optimal implementation of prevention therapy and limits stroke research. We demonstrate how gene expression profiles in blood can be used in conjunction with a measure of infarct location on neuroimaging to predict a probable c...

BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is becoming a leading cause of chronic liver disease. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of its complications. Although the pathophysiology is unclear, it is reasonable to expect that cryptogenic cirrhosis related HCC (cryptogenic HCC) behaves differently to other types of HCC. This study prospectively compared patients with cryptogenic HC...