The great expectation of the dairy owners from frozen semen industry is quality with high fertility. Many researchers concentrate in this area to produce and However, problem still exists minimize or reduce cryoinjury related damages that occur during process cryopreservation use all kinds additives. success rate additives added variable at a larger scale. Therefore, any new molecules which can...

BACKGROUND The adult mammalian heart responds to cardiac injury by formation of persistent fibrotic scar that eventually leads to heart failure. In contrast, the neonatal mammalian heart reacts to injury by the development of transient fibrotic tissue that is eventually replaced by regenerated cardiomyocytes. How fibrosis occurs in the neonatal mammalian heart remains unknown. To start elucidat...

Background: Sperm storage via freezing has been useful for men who have difficulty masturbating during assisted reproductive technology (ART) programs and before impotency caused by chemotherapy, vasectomy, and other procedures. Studies were undertaken to evaluate the extent of cryoinjury to both semen and sperm after repeated freezing and thawing in oligozoospermic and normozoospermic samples ...

Background: Plasma membrane of the spermatozoa interacts with and is altered by abundant seminal PDC-109 present in their immediate milieu in vivo with damaging effect in a time- and concentration- dependent manner. Therefore we hypothesized that sequestration of detrimental protein from ejaculates would be beneficial for cryopreservation of sperm cells. To this aim we evaluated the effect of s...

Apoptosis is an ongoing physiological phenomenon that has been documented to play a role in male infertility, if deregulated. Caspase activation, externalization of phosphatidylserine, alteration of mitochondrial membrane potential and DNA fragmentation are markers of apoptosis found in ejaculated human spermatozoa. These markers appear in excess in subfertile men and functionally incompetent s...