Address behavior is governed by politeness phenomenon which is culturally bound. This paper attempts to draw a cross-cultural comparison between Chinese and English address forms and, going beneath the surface, explore the cultural differences in value systems and their underlying philosophical sources. The study will help people develop a fuller understanding of the meanings of the address ter...

Various researchers (i.e., Singelis, Triandis, Bhawuk, & Gelfand,1995; Triandis & Gelfand, 1998) have suggested that the cultural variables of horizontal and vertical individualism and collectivism correspond to Fiske’s (1991, 1992) relational models of collectivism, authority ranking, equality matching, and market pricing. In this study, we tested this claim in a cross-cultural comparison betw...

. cross-cultural understanding dates back to the discovery of the third world, its peoples, and its religions. along this, the place of studying other peoples came in view. demography and orientalism were two disciplines which first aimed at studying other peoples regardless of their beliefs. after some thirty years, emphasis was laid on their beliefs, too. today after disproof of the anticipat...

BACKGROUND Orthorexia nervosa (ON) is defined as pathological healthful eating. The aim of this study was to investigate whether there is any difference in orthorexic behaviours between clinical and non-clinical groups, and in different cultural contexts. . METHODS Recruitment involved both female patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) and healthy controls (HC) from Italy and Poland (N = 23 and ...

culture as the philosophy of life refers to the values, norms and rules, and actual behaviorwhich is taken over by man from the past generations, and to leave it to next generation in a differentform, separates individuals belonging to the culture from individuals belonging to other cultures.each of these different attitudes describes the degree to which the culture values the past, the present...

Most adults and children in cultures where reading text progresses from left to right also count objects from the left to the right side of space. The reverse is found in cultures with a right-to-left reading direction. The current set of experiments investigated whether vertical counting in the horizontal plane is also influenced by reading direction. Participants were either from a left-to-ri...

This cross-sectional study was designed to develop normative functional fitness standards for the Portuguese older adults, to analyze age and gender patterns of decline, to compare the fitness level of Portuguese older adults with that of older adults in other countries, and to evaluate the fitness level of Portuguese older adults relative to recently published criterion fitness standards assoc...

In cross-cultural research, researchers have to adjust the constructs and associated measurement instruments that have been developed in one culture and then imported for use in another culture. Importing concepts from other cultures is often simply reduced to language adjustment of the content in the items of the measurement instruments that define a certain (psychological) construct. In the c...

Infants prefer native structures such as familiar faces and languages. Music is a universal human activity containing structures that vary cross-culturally. For example, Western music has temporally regular metric structures, whereas music of the Balkans (e.g., Bulgaria, Macedonia, Turkey) can have both regular and irregular structures. We presented 4- to 8-month-old American and Turkish infant...

objective: to translate verona service satisfaction scale-32 (vsss-32) to persian, to adapt it for iranian culture and to investigate the performance characteristics of the persian version intended to measure patient satisfaction with psychiatric care. method: the vsss-32 was translated to persian using an elaborated methodology according to world health organization guideline. in addition, und...