the idea is growing among educators that thinking skill needs to be given a direct attention. on one hand, critical thinking is supposed to broaden students’ thinking in all regards (schafersman, 1991); and on the other hand learners’ attitudes towards the second language can affect both their performance in the class and their final accomplishment. to this end, the present study started with t...

This paper develops a critical systems approach to organizational policy formulation and in so doing, contributes to the literature on critical systems thinking (CST). For, whilst there is, in the literature on systems theory and practice, much written on the subject of strategy in organizations, there is very little on organizational policy and nothing from within the critical systems paradigm...

the purpose of this article is to determine elements of strategic thinking in the context of iranian organizations and to find out the interactions and relationships among determined elements. a literature review and also in-depth interviews with experts are conducted to identify strategic thinking elements. interpretive structural modeling methodology is used for analyzing and determining the ...

This paper describes and illustrates a symbolic interactionist approach to critical ethnographic research in organizations. Aneclectic approach to interpretive sociology for management accounting researchers is developed and explicated. Also, an integrated interpretive perspective is described for the study of issues of power and ideology. The method offers the potential for new and additional ...

abstract introduction: students with appropriate critical thinking disposition can facilitate the countries of scientific development, at the first step of endeavor toward the development is to have a valid and reliable instrument .this study carried out to determine validly and reliability of california critical thinking disposition inventory (cctdi) and critical thinking disposition of nursin...

conclusions the project succeeded in using focus group data from academics to inform software development while at the same time retaining the benefits of broader philosophical dimensions of critical thinking. materials and methods critiique is flexible, authorable software that guides students step-by-step through critical appraisal of research papers. the spelling of critiique was deliberate,...