Six patients in the neurosurgical ward of Fukushima Medical College Hospital suffering from ventriculitis due to Achromobacter xylosoxidans infection had undergone craniotomy or cranial trepanation before the infection. The strains of A. xylosoxidans isolated from the patients were resistant to streptomycin, ampicillin, cephaloridine, gentamicin, and colistin. They were also resistant to chlorh...

Victor Horsley was intrigued by newly discovered, ancient trepanned skulls, especially those that revealed that the operation was performed on living patients. He examined the man-made openings as an expert on the locus of the primate motor cortex and as a surgeon who had successfully removed parts of the motor cortex to treat Jacksonian epilepsy. He postulated that trepanation originated as a ...

Abstract The aim of this study is to describe four new cases trepanation from the Great Hungarian Plain and complement two other previously published with results 9 th 16 c. CE. Sex determination age-at-death estimation were performed using classical macromorphological methods. In certain cases, radiographic imaging, 3D scanning, radiocarbon dating also performed. Our fit formerly established u...

BACKGROUND Chronic subdural hematoma (cSDH) is one of the most frequent neurosurgical conditions affecting elderly people and is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. The use of a subdural drain (SDD) after burr-hole trepanation for cSDH was proven to reduce recurrence and mortality at 6 months. To date in neurosurgery practice, evidence-based guidelines on whether an SDD or subp...

BACKGROUND Infantile purulent meningitis (PM) is a commonly severe intracranial infectious disease in infants under age 1 year. In recent years, several diagnostic and treatment methods were reported, but in these cases the neurological complications and sequel were often observed, among which subdural effusion (SE) is the most common complication in PM. Timely diagnosis and early intervention ...

AIM To evaluate timing of scheduled CT-scans after burr hole trepanation for chronic subdural hematoma (cSDH). MATERIAL AND METHODS 131 patients with primary cSDH were included. Scheduled CT-scans were performed after burr hole trepanation and placement of a subdural drain. The influence of CT-scanning with or without indwelling drain was analysed regarding subsequent surgery and CT-scans, du...

This paper presents two cases of healed skull trauma recovered from medieval mass burial sites in Kutná Hora-Sedlec (Kutná Hora District/CZ). These recently unearthed pits are historically and contextually associated with key catastrophes: (1) a famine the early 14th century; (2) Black Death mid-14th century. The first evidence survival severe cranial injury highly probable surgical interventio...

Trepanation has been performed by people interested in enhancing mental power and well-being since the early 1960s. The pioneers and main proponents of the procedure are described here. The phenomenon appeared in Europe after a Dutch former medical student published a psychoactive drug-friendly scroll suggesting trepanation as a form of permanently increasing cerebral blood volume and function....

Evidence for prehistoric trepanation is limited to preserved osteoarchaeological material, namely human skulls, and the occasional discovery of surgical instruments. However, the Roman empire gave rise to an abundant and diverse range of source types, including skeletal remains, material culture and detailed medical texts, each of which harbours the potential to contribute to our understanding ...