background: this study is the first research investigating the possible effect of pulsed power signals on the characteristics of cortical bone by comparing the mechanical properties of this type of bone pre and post expose to pulsed power. methods: a positive buck-boost converter was applied to generate adjustable high voltage, high frequency pulses (up to 500 v and 10 khz). the functional beha...

the present study aims to investigate the effect of noscapine (0.5-2.5 µm), an alkaloid from the opium poppy, on primary murine fetal cortical neurons exposed to oxygen–glucose deprivation (ogd), an in vitro model of ischemia. cells were transferred to glucose-free dmem (dulbecco's modified eagle medium) and were exposed to hypoxia in a small anaerobic chamber. cell viability and nitric ox...

Neuroimaging research indicates that human intellectual ability is associated to brain structure including the thickness of the cerebral cortex. Most studies show that general intelligence is positively associated with cortical thickness in areas of association cortex allocated throughout both brain hemispheres. Changes in cortical thickness over time have been related to intelligence, but whet...

Introduction: Cortical Spreading Depression (CSD) is a propagating wave of neural and glial cell depolarization with important role in several clinical disorders. Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) is a potential tool with preventive treatment effects in psychiatric and neuronal disorders. In this paper, we study the effects of rTMS on CSD by using behavioral and histological a...

background & importance: insular lobe is located at the depth of sylvian fissure and is hidden by frontal, temporal and parietal lobes in close vicinity of internal capsule and basal ganglia and adjacent to the speech centers in the dominant hemisphere. thus, radical resection of insular gliomas can be even more difficult. brain mapping techniques can be used to maximize the extent of tumor rem...

introduction: repetitive cortical spreading depression (csd) can lead to cell death in immature brain tissue. caspases are involved in neuronal cell death in several csd-related neurological disorders. yet, whether repetitive csd itself can induce caspase activation in adult or juvenile tissue remains unknown. inducing repetitive csd in somatosensory cortices of juvenile and adult rats in vivo,...

conclusions the outside diameter/inside diameter ratio at the metaphyseal/diaphyseal junction of the distal radius on ap radiographs is suitable for use as a predictor of distal-radius bone density. further studies should be performed, and clinical utility evaluated. results the mean bmd was 0.559 (sd = 0.236) g / cm2. the mean outside diameter/inside diameter ratio was 1.24 (sd = 0.013); the r...

conclusions the most effected parts in asd are lateral connections of hmasd. two-sided connections which are completely symmetric become more active, and cause extra synchronization. on the other hand, due to special characteristic of two-sided connections and their ability to simulate the same phased dynamics, they cause unnatural asymmetry in children’s eeg signal. these results are consisten...