In order to determine the sensitivity and reliability of antirotaviral fecal immunoglobulin A (IgA) as an indicator of rotavirus reinfection, the antibody responses to rotavirus of 44 infants with severe rotavirus gastroenteritis recruited on admission to a hospital were studied. Feces were collected daily during hospitalization and weekly thereafter, and sera were obtained every 4 months, for ...

Epidemiological situation of taeniasis in Mongolia was assessed based on mitochondrial DNA identification of the parasite species. Multiplex PCR was used on a total of 194 proglottid specimens of Taenia species and copro-PCR and loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assays were utilized for detection of copro-DNA of 37 fecal samples from taeniasis patients submitted to the Mongolian Nat...

Schistosoma japonicum is endemic in the Philippines, China and Indonesia, and infects more than 40 mammalian host species, all of which can act as reservoirs of infection. In China, water buffaloes have been shown to be major reservoirs of human infection. However, in the Philippines, carabao have not been considered important reservoir hosts for S. japonicum due to the low prevalence and infec...

ELISA-based methods of detecting Fasciola cathepsins in feces are powerful techniques for diagnosing infections by F. hepatica and F. gigantica. In the last decade, the in-house MM3-COPRO ELISA and its commercial version BIO K 201 (BIO X Diagnostics, Belgium) have been recognized as useful tools for detecting early infections by such trematodes and for monitoring the efficacy of anthelmintic tr...

Urinary volume was related to urinary concentrations of lead, delta-aminolaevulinic acid (ALA), coproporphyrin (COPRO), creatinine, and total solutes in nine lead workers. On a log scale, linear relationships were found between urinary volume and the urinary concentrations. There was a certain difference in the extent of the effects of urinary volume on the urinary concentrations. For example, ...

Climate change and environmental degradation are increasingly recognized as factors that can contribute to conflict risk under specific conditions. In light of predicted shifts in climate patterns the potentially resulting battle for scarce resources, it is widely acknowledged there an actual increased armed conflict. To efficiently plan implement adaptation mitigation measures, key first obtai...

Diagnosis of Echinococcus granulosus infection in dogs by detecting adult worms recovered post mortem or purged from the intestines after treatment with arecoline is not suitable for mass screening. Large-scale diagnosis by detection of copro-antigens is useful but only with relatively high intensity infections, and only by genus. To provide a more sensitive and specific diagnosis, a polymerase...

BACKGROUND A number of studies document the prevalence of Taenia solium infections in Nigeria, yet these studies do not cover porcine cysticercosis in private home slaughter slabs where there is no routine meat inspection and backyard pig keeping, slaughtering and sale are common practice. METHODS An environmental and sanitary assessment was conducted within two unregistered home pig slaughte...

We describe a fluorescence method for screening and quantifying urinary porphyrins. New and effective approaches are used to oxidize prophyrinogens, correct the baseline, and ensure that uroporphyrin (uro) and coproporphyrin (copro) are equally detected, mole for mole. No preliminary purification is required. A 45-microL aliquot of urine is oxidized with 3 mmol/L iodine in 3 mol/L HCl to conver...

BACKGROUND Despite Echinococcus granulosus, there are merely two old reports of E. multilocularis infection among Iranian canids of Moghan Plain, the only area known endemic for the species. We detected specific DNA markers in fecal samples by PCR (Copro-PCR) for differential diagnosis of Echinococcus species in living canids. METHODS Totally 144 fecal samples from domestic dogs, red foxes an...