a class of new methods based on a septic non-polynomial spline function for the numerical solution one-dimensional bratu's problem are presented. the local truncation errors and the methods of order 2th, 4th, 6th, 8th, 10th, and 12th, are obtained. the inverse of some band matrixes are obtained which are required in proving the convergence analysis of the presented method. associated bound...

this paper examines the lewis theory of structural change in iran in the period 1974-2005. where labor productivity growth and the intensive use of labor occurs via reallocation of labor between sectors or spillovers in the production from the manufacturing or service sectors to agriculture resulting to convergence. assessing whether productivity gap is reducing or increasing, takes us to the n...

Purpose: The main aim of this paper is to present a concept marginal vertical income convergence. This method allows determine the individual contribution objects (countries, regions) observed general process real Design/Methodology/Approach: Proposed methodology avoid limitations classical analysis To check cross-country stability parameters and assess an convergence process, separate regressi...

In this paper, the convergence of Zakharov-Kuznetsov (ZK) equation by homotopy analysis method (HAM) is investigated. A theorem is proved to guarantee the convergence of HAM and to nd the series solution of this equation via a reliable algorithm.

a new approach utilizing newton method and homotopy analysis method (ham) is proposed for solving nonlinear system of equations. accelerating the rate of convergence of ham, and obtaining a global quadratic rate of convergence are the main purposes of this approach. the numerical results demonstrate the efficiency and the performance of proposed approach. the comparison with conventional homoto...

‎in this paper‎, ‎a spectral tau method for solving fractional riccati‎ ‎differential equations is considered‎. ‎this technique describes‎ ‎converting of a given fractional riccati differential equation to a‎ ‎system of nonlinear algebraic equations by using some simple‎ ‎matrices‎. ‎we use fractional derivatives in the caputo form‎. ‎convergence analysis of the proposed method is given an...

We study the space of all continuous fuzzy-valued functions  from a space $X$ into the space of fuzzy numbers $(mathbb{E}sp{1},dsb{infty})$  endowed with the pointwise convergence topology.   Our results generalize the classical ones for  continuous real-valued functions.   The field of applications of this approach seems to be large, since the classical case  allows many known devices to be fi...