In this paper we give a new algorithm for quanti-er elimination in the rst order theory of real closed elds that improves the complexity of the best known algorithm for this problem till now. Unlike previously known algorithms 3, 25, 20] the combinatorial part of the complexity of this new algorithm is independent of the number of free variables. Moreover, under the assumption that each polynom...

Access control is key to limiting the actions of users in an application and attribute-based policy languages such as XACML allow to express a wide range of access rules. As these policy languages become more widely used, policies grow both in size and complexity. Modularity and reuse are key to specifying and managing such policies effectively. Ideally, complex or domain-specific policy patter...

A novel form of portable paper maps is presented, which enables one to get access to longitudinal as well as lateral direction. In this paper, the longitudinal access means "access from the current spread to a spread of south or north." The necessary condition for that capability is that each spread is to be divided by perpendicular folds or binds. Thus, each spread consists of four pages inste...

We give a fully abstract game model for Idealized Algol with non-local control flow. In contrast to most previous papers on game semantics, we do not need to include the bad-variable constructor mkvar to obtain full abstraction. Using the model we show that, unlike in the “control-free” case, the presence of mkvar does affect observational equivalence. We conclude by discussing the effect of mk...

ABSTRACT Accounting studies often examine whether the relation between X and Y varies with a moderating variable, M, by including an interactive term, × in regression. We provide plain-English guidance on why, how, when to use control variables, Z, interaction tests. A simulation simple descriptions demonstrate how interacted controls affect coefficient estimates interpretations. In particular,...