The HPV genome is divided into three regions: the long control region (LCR), which regulates viral gene expression and replication; the early (E) region, which encodes proteins required for viral gene expression, replication and survival; and the late (L) region, which encodes the viral structural proteins. The designations E and L refer to the phase in the viral life cycle when these proteins ...

The HPV genome is divided into three regions: the long control region (LCR), which regulates viral gene expression and replication; the early (E) region, which encodes proteins required for viral gene expression, replication and survival; and the late (L) region, which encodes the viral structural proteins. The designations E and L refer to the phase in the viral life cycle when these proteins ...

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Homeotic genes are important for early development, but they are subjected to silencing during the later stages. It is known that Polycomb group proteins are involved in this type of distant regulation. The cut locus, a hierarchal regulator of external sensory organs, spans about 220 kb in 7B region on X chromosome. It is important for the normal development at different stages of Drosophila de...

Biochemical analysis of the b-globin gene function has led to the identification of several multi-protein complexes at the locus control region (LCR), insulator and promoters. This review briefly summarizes these multi-protein complexes and discusses their contribution towards the regulation of the b-globin gene expression.