I performed laboratory bioassays to characterize the acute contact toxicity of oxalic acid (OA) to Varroa destructor (Anderson & Trueman) and their honey bee hosts (Apis mellifera). Specifically, I conducted glass-vial residual bioassays to determine the lethal concentration of OA for Varroa, and I conducted topical applications of OA in acetone to determine the lethal dose for honey bees. The ...

In this study, we investigated the insecticidal activities, including contact toxicity, fumigant toxicity, and repellent activity, of Litsea cubeba fruit extracts against Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). The extracts, obtained by liquid-liquid extraction in n-hexane, ethyl acetate, chloroform, and water were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Among the ...

isolated five known iridoids glycosides (scrophuloside a, harpagoside b, 5-hydroxyloganin, 8-o-acetylharpagide and 6-o-methyl,1-glucopyranosyl catalpol ),one phenyl ethanoid glycoside (verbascoside) and a phenyl ethanol amine (2-(4-chlorobenzyl amino) ethanol ) compound from the methanolic extract of aerial parts of scrophularia oxysepala using by high performance liquid chromatography based on...

The toxic effects of the extracts of Allium sativum (Garlic) were evaluated against adults of Hyalomma marginatum rufipes and Rhipicephalus pulchellus using three types (Types A, B and C) of contact toxicity bioassays. A. sativum bulbs were extracted with acetone, ethanol and dichloromethane (DCM) solvents. Among these three solvents, it is the DCM extract of A. sativum that appears to have ant...

Cyanoacrylate (CA) and its homologues have a variety of medical, dental and commercial applications as adhesives. The increasing use of CA in dentistry, particularly as an adhesive and sealing glue, has raised concerns regarding its potential toxicity in humans. Reported toxicity of CA is uncommon in the dental workplace, but may manifest as conditions such as urticaria, contact dermatitis and ...

new sources of botanical pesticides in the management of sitotroga cerealella (olivier) infesting rice grains are indispensable in farmers’ quest towards achieving maximum protection of their rice produce. in this study, the efficacy of root and stem bark of cleistopholis patens as an insecticidal agent against s. cerealella was investigated at 28 ± 2 ºc and 75 ± 6% relative humidity. moths wer...

Imidacloprid, thiamethoxam (first and second generation neonicotinoid insecticides), and spinosad (a naturally derived biorational insecticide) were evaluated in the laboratory against adult eye gnats, Liohippelates collusor (Townsend), using two modes of exposure. Ingestion experiments revealed that toxicity was the highest for thiamethoxam (Platinum soluble concentrate) followed by technical ...

In this study, we used two different types of bioassay, a contact filter paper toxicity bioassay and a soil toxicity bioassay, to compare the acute toxicity of twenty-four insecticides belonging to six chemical categories on earthworm species, Eisenia fetida. Results of the contact filter paper toxicity bioassay indicated that neonicotinoids were super toxic to E. fetida (48 h-LC(50) value rang...

Isolated five known iridoids glycosides (Scrophuloside A, Harpagoside B, 5-hydroxyloganin, 8-O-acetylharpagide and 6-O-methyl,1-glucopyranosyl catalpol ),one phenyl ethanoid glycoside (Verbascoside) and a phenyl ethanol amine (2-(4-Chlorobenzyl amino) ethanol ) compound from the methanolic extract of aerial parts of Scrophularia oxysepala using by high performance liquid chromatography based on...