Background: Congenital hypothyroidism (CH), as one of the most common congenital endocrine disorders, may be significantly associated with congenital malformations. This study investigates urogenital abnormalities in children with primary CH (PCH). Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 200 children aged three months to 1 year, referred to Amir-Kabir Hospital, Arak, Iran. One hund...

BackgroundCongenital heart diseases (CHD) are the most common congenital anomaly in children and also the leading cause of mortality from congenital anomalies. Various factors including smoking, drinking alcohol and addiction play role in development of congenital heart diseases. This study was conducted with the aim of investigation of the prevalence of addiction in parents of children with co...

objective this study was undertaken to evaluate the clinical spectrum of myasthenia gravis in children and determine factors that help the clinician in his/her diagnosis and management. materials & methods a retrospective review was performed on all pediatric patients suffering from myasthenia gravis (m.g) admitted in the department of pediatric neurology of the mofid hospital of the shaheed be...

purpose: to evaluate the use of amniotic membrane transplantation (amt) for management of congenital distichiasis. methods: this interventional case series was performed on 16 eyelids of 5 patients with congenital distichiasis treated with posterior lamella resection and amt. results: all patients were men aged 2 to 42 years. mean follow up was 17 months (6-29 months). post-operative symptoms o...

purpose: to report two sisters with congenital myasthenic syndrome (cms) masquerading as myasthenia gravis. patients and findings: two six and seven years old sisters presented with variable strabismus, ptosis, and fatigue. all symptoms were aggravated with exercise and improved with rest. intramuscular prostigmin injection decreased their symptoms. a diagnosis of cms was made according to earl...

an aborted female holstein foetus with marked generalized anasarca was referred to the excellence centre for ruminant abortion and neonatal mortality, ferdowsi university of mashhad. on postmortem examination, red-tinged ascites, pale and firm liver with extreme irregularity and numerous round to oval slightly raised foci on the capsular surface were seen. histological examination revealed wide...

atrial septal defect (asd) is a common congenital anomaly that has low surgical mortality and morbidity. we report a very rare case of a low-lying asd, combined with the drainage of the inferior vena cava and the left superior vena cava into the left atrium. this combination was associated with an unroofed coronary sinus. we also describe an iatrogenic surgical diversion of the inferior vena ca...

background the most common space occupying lesions of the fetal thorax are congenital diaphragmatic hernia (cdh), congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation (ccam), and bronchopulmonary sequestration (bps). although applications of prenatal mri have been vastly improved in the recent years, its use in the assessment of space occupying lesions of the fetal chest differs among centers. objectives...

Congenital methemoglobinemia is a rare cause of cyanosis. We report a case of a girl, 17 years old with peripheral cyanosis and normal cardio-pulmonary system. She was diagnosed as a case of methemoglobinemia based on findings of polycythemia and HbM band on hemoglobin electrophoresis. We emphasize the importance of this rare entity in the differential diagnosis of cyanosis.