Introduction: Appropriate definition of the distance measure between diffusion tensors has a deep impact on Diffusion Tensor Image (DTI) segmentation results. The geodesic metric is the best distance measure since it yields high-quality segmentation results. However, the important problem with the geodesic metric is a high computational cost of the algorithms based on it. The main goal of this ...

Brownian motion, or random motion in some number of dimensions, occurs frequently in the study of particle theory and fractals. It was first observed as pollen moving in a fluid in 1827 by Robert Brown and formalized mathematically in 1905 by Albert Einstein. Brownian motion has applications in biology, biophysics, cellular biology, and stellar dynamics. Numerous algorithms have been created th...

Optimum laminate configuration for minimum weight of filament–wound laminated conical shells subject to buckling load constraint is investigated. In the case of a laminated conical shell the thickness and the ply orientation (the design variables) are functions of the shell coordinates, influencing both the buckling load and its weight. These effects complicate the optimization problem consider...