BACKGROUND Progressive non-infectious anterior vertebral fusion is a unique spinal disorder with distinctive radiological features. Early radiographic findings consist of narrowing of the anterior aspect of the intervertebral disk with adjacent end plate erosions. There is a specific pattern of progression. The management needs a multi-disciplinary approach with major input from the orthopaedic...

Livestock species can be affected by different types of genetic defects. Recently, we are faced with genetic defects in dairy cattle such as bovine leukocyte adhesion deficiency (BLAD) and complex vertebral malformation (CVM) both are autosomal recessive defects leads to an inherited lethal disease in Holstein breed. BLAD is caused by a deficiency in leukocyte surface glycoproteins known as int...

A female stillborn Holstein calf with shortened cervical and thoracic regions, protrusion of the tongue, and bilateral symmetric flexural contraction of the anterior limbs was delivered on gestation day 281. Multiple hemivertebrae, fused and misshaped vertebrae, synostosis and scoliosis of cervical, thoracic and lumbar vertebral column were found in the affected calf by radiographic and compute...

Facio-Auriculo-Vertebral (FAV) spectrum, also known as Goldenhar syndrome or first and second branchial arch syndrome, is a complex of mainly craniofacial and vertebral anomalies. Microtia is a principal malformation in this complex; it can be unilateral or bilateral. We performed an observational, retrospective, transverse descriptive clinical study, reviewing 149 records of patients with a di...

Complex vertebral malformation (CVM) has considerable economic impact on dairy cattle breeding due to extensive use of artificial insemination (AI). Identifying the carrier is an important factor to reduce the incidence of the genetic disorder. The study was conducted to identify the carriers of CVM in Frieswal cattle by polymerase chain reaction-primer-introduced restriction analysis (PCR-PIRA...

Introduction: Spina bifida is a congenital malformation involving the vertebral spine with different presentations ranging from occult defects to large cutaneous exposing tissue and nerves.
 Case report: Here we describe patient who had open spina exposure of nerve roots, which seemed be functional on physical examination. A few days after surgery for closure lumbosacral defect, presented ...

RATIONALE Clinical and radiographic phenotypic characterizations were the base line tool of diagnosis in 3 syndromic disorders in which congenital cervico-thoracic kyphosis was the major deformity. PATIENTS CONCERNS Directing maximal care toward the radiographic analysis is not only the axial malformation but also toward the appendicular abnormalities was our main concern. We fully documented...