Background Intercropping is assumed to increase food production while reducing fertilizer needs and environmental impacts of crop production. Aims We aimed (1) investigate the effects intercropping on yields nutrient uptake maize, (2) determine relative contributions above- belowground interspecific interactions (RCabove/below) these effects. Methods conducted a 2-year, small-scale field experi...

In 1990 Krivine (1990b) introduced the notion of storage operators. They are λ-terms which simulate call-by-value in the call-by-name strategy. Krivine (1990b) has shown that there is a very simple type in the AF2 type system for storage operators using Gődel translation from classical to intuitionistic logic. Parigot (1993a) and Krivine (1994) have shown that storage operators play an importan...

introduction saffron as a winter active plant with low water requirement is the most strategic medicinal plant in arid and semi-arid parts of iran. this slow-growing plant has narrow leaves and no aerial stem, hence weeds can be overcome it. moreover, because of its root and canopy structure an important part of different resources is not used by this low input crop. therefore, the use of assoc...

We describe a BDI (Belief, Desire, Intention) goal-oriented architecture for a conversational virtual companion embodied as a child’s Toy, designed to be both entertaining and capable of carrying out collaborative tasks. We argue that the goal-oriented approach supports both structured conversational activities (e.g., story-telling, collaborative games) as well as more “free-flowing” engaging d...

Older adults with strong social connections are at a reduced risk for health problems and mortality. We describe two field studies to inform the development of a virtual agent designed to provide long-term, continuous social support to isolated older adults. Findings include the topics that older adults would like to discuss with a companion agent, in addition to overall reactions to interactin...

Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda , is a serious invasive pest in Africa but “Push-Pull” companion cropping can substantially reduce infestation. Here, we elucidate the underpinning chemical ecology mechanisms. We hypothesized that crop volatiles repel herbivores (push) while attracting natural enemies (pull). Headspace collected from plants ( Desmodium intortum, uncinatum Brachiaria Mulato ...

We describe a BDI (Belief, Desire, Intention) approach and architecture for a conversational virtual companion embodied as a child’s Toy. Our aim is to support both structured conversation-based activities (e.g., story-telling, collaborative games) as well as more free-flowing, engaging dialogue with variation and some unpredictability. We argue that a goal-oriented approach to the agent’s conv...

We report our findings on the properties of Flagg and Friedman’s translation from Epistemic into Intuitionistic logic, which was proposed as the basis of a comprehensive proof method for the faithfulness of the Gödel translation. We focus on the propositional case and raise the issue of the admissibility of the translated necessitation rule. Then, we contribute to Flagg and Friedman’s program b...

Sovetgul ASEKOVA, Sang-Ik HAN, Hong-Jib CHOI, Sang-Jo PARK, Dong-Hyun SHIN, Chan-Ho KWON, J. Grover SHANNON, Jeong-Dong LEE* School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea Department of Functional Crops, Functional Crop Resource Development Division, RDA, Milyang, Republic of Korea Gyeongsangbuk-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Daegu, Repu...