background and objectives : shigella, causative of bacillary dysentery, has two colony forms. the loss of large virulence plasmid from virulent shigella sonnei form i, during cell storage and subculturing, lead to avirulent form ii. environmental factors, e.g. culture media composition, could affect the conversion of the bacterial forms. materials and methods : in this study, some components, i...

introduction: streptomyces species are mycelial, aerobic gram-positive bacteria that are isolated from soil and produce a diverse range of antibiotics. streptomyces griseus produces the antibiotic, streptomycin and forms spores even in a liquid culture. the gene cluster for the production of streptomycin antibiotic contains strr gene that encodes strr, a pathway-specific regulator. then, this p...

background: stroke is the third leading cause of death. hypothermia has been recognized as an effective method in reducing brain injury. in this study, we assessed the effects of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (g-csf) as a neuroprotective agent and mild hypothermia on mortality, behavioral function, infarct volume, and brain edema in wistar rats. methods: forty male rats were used in fiv...

traumatic brain injury (tbi) is described as a situation in which the brain is damaged by an external force. it is considered to be a chief problem in health care. pharmacotherapy and stem cell therapy are the main treatments used in tbi. the purpose of these procedures is to control the inflammation in injured regions of brain. currently, there is no effective care for tbi that could regenerat...

the classification and regression trees (cart) possess the advantage of being able to handlelarge data sets and yield readily interpretable models. in spite to these advantages, they are alsorecognized as highly unstable classifiers with respect to minor perturbations in the training data.in the other words methods present high variance. fuzzy logic brings in an improvement in theseaspects due ...

conclusion these data show that the identified gene encoded tet resistance gene as mfs–type multi-substrate efflux transporter, which contributes to intrinsic resistance on range of structurally unrelated compounds in salmonella species. background tetracyclines (tcs) are a type of broad-spectrum bacteriostatic antibiotics used for treatment of a wide variety of infections. these antibiotics ev...

optimization of reservoir parameters is an important issue in petroleum exploration and production. the ant colony optimization(aco) is a recent approach to solve discrete and continuous optimization problems. in this paper, the ant colony optimization is usedas an intelligent tool to estimate reservoir rock properties. the methodology is illustrated by using a case study on shear wave velocity...

we consider of the antimicrobial activity on the ag nanoparticles(ag nps) aqueous solutions, which was prepared using a stabilizer, such as poly(n vinyl 2 pyrrolidone pvp , for staphylococcus aureus) s aureus and escherichia coli e coli by measuring the minimum inhibitory concentration mic . antimicrobial effect of ag nps for s aureus and e coli was investigated using disk diffusion method also...

human granulocyte colony stimulating factor (hg-csf) induces proliferation and differentiation of granulocyte progenitor cells. this glycoprotein is currently being used for treatment of neutropenia, in patients who have undergone bone marrow transplantation. so far, different researchers have tried to enhance hg-csf biological activity and stability. in this study, polymerase chain reaction (p...