millions of diarrheal disease is made by enterotoxigenic e. coli (etec) each year, specifically in developing countries. in the pathogenesis of etec infections, the first phase is sticking of the bacterium to the minute intestinal epithelium, as a result of colonization factors (cfs) mediation and subsequently generate enterotoxins. these cfs in accordance with their structure are diverged into...

Staphylococcus aureus nasal colonization is an important risk factor for community and nosocomial infection. Despite the importance of S. aureus to human health, molecular mechanisms and host factors influencing nasal colonization are not well understood. To identify host factors contributing to nasal colonization, we collected human nasal secretions and analyzed their ability to promote S. aur...

Mycorrhizal association in seven plants grown in Arasbaran forest located in the north west of Iran was investigated. The soil samples were collected from the plants rhizosphere. Physico-chemical properties of rhizosphere soils like soil texture, pH, EC and some extractable nutrients such as N, P and K were recorded. The number of spores in rhizosphere and percentage of root mycorrhizal coloniz...

identification of exogenous factors affecting spermatogonial stem cells (sscs) proliferation in vitro, provides worthy ways to study the basic biology of the cells. the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a gnrh analogue (alareline acetate) on sscs colonization in short-term co-culture with sertoli cells. five, three-month old holstein male calves were used to isolate spermatogo...

Candiduria is increasingly detected in intensive care unit (ICU) patients and often coexists with candidal colonization at other anatomical sites. Studies involving surgical and medical ICU patients have consistently reported a relationship between candiduria and heavy colonization. This suggests that candiduria could be considered as a marker for heavy colonization. Risk factors that predispos...

BACKGROUND The epidemiology of staphylococcal colonization and community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is changing, and little is known from the national perspective. OBJECTIVE To describe the U.S. epidemiology of S. aureus nasal colonization, compare risk factors for colonization with methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) versus MRSA, and compare antibiotic r...

Background.  Few data exist on the incidence and risk factors of Staphylococcus aureus colonization and skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) among patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Methods.  Over a 2-year period, we prospectively evaluated adults infected with HIV for incident S aureus colonization at 5 body sites and SSTIs. Cox proportional hazard models using time-...