Acinetobacter baumannii has successfully developed resistance against all common antibiotics, including colistin (polymyxin E), the last universally active drug against this pathogen. The possible widespread distribution of colistin-resistant A. baumannii strains may create an alarming clinical situation. In a previous work, we reported differences in lethal mechanisms between polymyxin B (PXB)...

Colistin-polymyxin B-cellobiose agar was employed for the isolation of Vibrio vulnificus from shellfish. Isolates were examined phenotypically and with a gene probe and monoclonal antibody specific for V. vulnificus. Results indicated that colistin-polymyxin B-cellobiose agar is superior to both sodium dodecyl sulfate-polymyxin B-sucrose agar and thiosulfate-citrate-bile salts-sucrose agar in i...

The objective of this study was to evaluate effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles (nano-ZnOs) as a substitute for colistin sulfate (CS) and/or zinc oxide (ZnO) on growth performance, serum enzymes, zinc deposition, intestinal morphology and epithelial barrier in weaned piglets. A total of 216 crossbred Duroc×(Landrace×Yorkshire) piglets weaned at 23 days were randomly assigned into 3 groups, whic...

TO THE EDITOR—We read with interest the article by Dalfino et al [1] that evaluated a high-dose extended-interval colistin dosage regimen for critically ill patients. Colistin is experiencing resurgence in use given the rise in multidrug-resistant infections [2]. As a result, studies that provide outcome data to support clinical dosage regimens are valuable. From a safety perspective, the varia...

Colistin, also known as polymyxin E, a polymyxin antibiotic, comprised of colistin E1 and colistin E2, has good inhibitory effect for pathogen infection [1,2]. The characteristic lariat structure of colistin E1 was proven necessary for antimicrobial activity [3]. Since the sulfate polymyxin compounds were separated from different types of bacillus polymyxa in 1947, they have been tested by vitr...

Background: Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) has emerged as a nosocomial pathogen especially in the intensive care units (ICUS). It’s enlisted at top of urgent threat level organisms CDC’s antibiotic resistance threats report. Objectives: To assess prevalence, risk factors health associated infection by A. baumannii, and to compare in-vitro efficacy colistin sulfate- tigecycline combinati...

Polymyxins (polymyxin B and colistin) are older bactericidal antibiotics that are increasingly used to treat infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria. However, dosing and clinical use of these drugs vary widely. This survey was undertaken to reveal how polymyxins are used worldwide. Data were collected through a structured online questionnaire consisting of 24 quest...

OBJECTIVES Extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E) are an increasingly frequent cause of infections in the community and the healthcare setting. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether intestinal carriage of ESBL-E can be eradicated. METHODS We conducted a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, single-centre trial to assess the efficacy of an oral dec...

Interesting synergism in vitro between a recently introduced antibiotic, colistin methane sulphonate, and sulphonamide drugs is described. The observations were extended to polymyxin B sulphate and sulphonamides with essentially similar results. The combinations are bactericidal at therapeutic levels, the ratio of drugs to one another is not critical, and the effect is present over a fairly wid...

BACKGROUND Resistance to colistin is emerging in multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria and no solid pharmacodynamic data are available for colistin against Klebsiella pneumoniae. METHODS Twenty-one multidrug-resistant clinical K. pneumoniae isolates from 16 different clinical sites worldwide were employed. The genetic relatedness of these isolates was examined with PFGE. In vitro pharmac...