background in the golestan cohort study that was launched to investigate the causes of esophageal cancer, a complete biospecimen bank was established for storage of collected blood, urine, hair, and nail samples. the objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of nail samples as a biomarker of selected trace elements status. methods thirty toenail samples were selected randomly from...

background : this study aimed to investigate the association of seven common inflammatory diseases with type 2 diabetes (t2d) in the chinese mainland population. methods : participants were recruited from a great swathe of mainland from 2009 to 2013 for the cohort study. the demographic characteristics between patients with t2d or with inflammatory diseases, including age, sex, smoking status, ...

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conclusions these findings indicated the association of the hbsag titer and serum ifnar2 in hbsag clearance in hepatitis b virus- infected patients. in consequence, immune mechanisms related to ifn-α/β signaling might be responsible in chb outcome. background loss of hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) in chronic hepatitis b (chb) infection is a favorable outcome. type i interferon (ifni) has a...

This article investigated criminal recidivism 1 year postexit from a mental health court (MHC), which has, unlike prior MHCs studied, relatively short periods of court supervision. It benefits from a federal pretrial services agency that screens all arrestees for mental illness and dedicates a specialized supervision unit (SSU) to provide supervision and services while on pretrial release to al...

OBJECTIVE This study compared three instruments that are used to measure empowerment of people with psychotic disorders. The study evaluated internal consistency, discriminant and convergent validity, sensitivity to symptom levels, and clinical usefulness. METHODS Fifty patients in the Netherlands were administered the Empowerment Scale (ES), the Personal Empowerment Scale (PES), and the Ment...

In developed nations, approximately half of household environments contain pets. Studies of Human-Animal Interaction (HAI) have proposed that there are health benefits and risks associated with pet ownership. However, accurately demonstrating and understanding these relationships first requires a better knowledge of factors associated with ownership of different pet types. A UK birth cohort, th...

BACKGROUND Mental health condition (MHC) comorbidity is associated with lower intensity care in multiple clinical scenarios. However, little is known about the effect of MHC upon clinicians' decisions about intensifying antiglycemic medications in diabetic patients with poor glycemic control. We examined whether delay in intensification of antiglycemic medications in response to an elevated Hem...

OBJECTIVE To explore the nature of paternal involvement in early child-rearing adopting a social developmental perspective, and estimate its effect on behavioural outcomes of children aged 9 and 11 years. SETTING The data come from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) cohort recruited in the former county of Avon in the southwest of England. PARTICIPANTS Out of the 1...