The arbitrariness of a signal has long been seen as theoretically important but difficult to pin down notion. In this article, we suggest there are at least two different notions play in philosophical and scientific debates concerning the use arbitrary signals, work towards improved analyses both. We then consider how these types can co-occur come apart. Finally, examine connections between cog...

Software plays a central role in our life nowadays. We use it almost anywhere, at any time, and for everything: to browse the Internet, check emails, even access critical services such as health monitoring banking. Hence, its reliability general quality is critical. As software increases complexity, developers spend more time fixing bugs or making code work rather than designing writing new cod...

In L2 development, the cognitive complexity of tasks plays a crucial role in task performance and language features produced. However, there have only been few studies addressing the impact of task complexity on EFL learners' attention to L2 system and form-focused self-repairs (FFS).This study explores the role of increasing cognitive task complexity in EFL learners' form-focused attention (FF...

In L2 development, the cognitive complexity of tasks plays a crucial role in task performance and language features produced. However, there have only been few studies addressing the impact of task complexity on EFL learners' attention to L2 system and form-focused self-repairs (FFS).This study explores the role of increasing cognitive task complexity in EFL learners' form-focused attention (FF...