The Baltic Sea ecosystem is hypothesized to have undergone a regime shift during the last 3 decades, altering its functioning and the composition of its zooplankton and fish communities. The new stable state has been considered as 'cod hostile' due to reduced spawning success in cod, as well as increased predation on and declining food sources for cod larvae. Nonetheless, the eastern Baltic cod...

Brewing is the process is for production of beer [1,2]. It is said that for every 1 liter of beer production approximate 10 liters of water is used [3]. The water in any brewery is typically used for brewing, rising and cooling process [3]. The various steps that are involved in brewing process are malt production and handling, worth preparation, fermentation, filtration, CIP and finally packag...

The behavioural response of cod (Gadus morhua) to sudden pressure reductions was investigated in a large electronic-tagging experiment using data collected from 141 cod tagged in five different areas of the Northeast Atlantic. More than 40% of cod exhibited a characteristic equilibration behaviour after a rapid pressure reduction caused either by capture before tagging, or by pressure reduction...

micro flora of the effluents from a dairy factory in tehran(pegah dairy processing plant) were isolated and screened for their ability to reduce the organic matter content and cod of the effluents. 10 bacteria were selected due to  reduction in cod content from the 4th to 6th day of incubation at 30 °c and  ph =11. highest cod reduction were obtained by two isolates, bp3 and bp4, 70.7 % and 69....

This research investigated the application of Bio-Amp, a commercial bio-additive for the treatment of fat, oil, and grease (FOG) in a grease trap, and evaluated potential impacts of treated effluent on downstream collection system and treatment processes. Results show that after Bio-Amp treatment, FOG deposit formation was reduced by 40%, implicating a potential reduction of sewer line blockage...

This paper describes the development of a steady-state anaerobic digestion model for biological sulphate reduction using primary sewage sludge (PSS) as substrate. The model comprises: a chemical oxygen demand (COD) based hydrolysis kinetics part in which the PSS biodegradable COD and sulphate removals are calculated for given hydraulic and sludge retention times; a C, H, O, N, P, S, COD and cha...

The application of synthetic colors in textile industries and their entry into the water and groundwater is an environmental problem because of being very toxic material. The synthetic colors which are used in textile dyeing (plyacrilic and polyester) are usually dispersing colorants. They derive the azo and anthraquinone chemicals. Electro-Fenton process is an efficient technique which can deg...

This paper reports the results of applying anaerobic sequencing batch biofilm reactors (AnSBBR) for treating sulfate-rich wastewater. The reactor was filled with polyurethane foam matrices or with eucalyptus charcoal, used as the support for biomass attachment. Synthetic wastewater was prepared with two ratios between chemical oxygen demand (COD) and sulfate concentration (COD/SO4) of 0.4 and 3...