Primary plasma cell leukaemia (pPCL) is a rare and aggressive form of plasma cell malignancies with a very poor prognosis. Compared to other plasma cell malignancies the tendency to extramedullary spread is increased; however central nervous system (CNS) involvement is rare and only reported in few cases. We report the case of a 61-year-old man who was diagnosed with pPCL and achieved a complet...

According to classical dogma, the central nervous system (CNS) is defined as an immune privileged space. The basis of this theory was rooted in incomplete understanding CNS microenvironment, however, recent advances such identification resident dendritic cells (DC) brain and presence lymphatics have deepened our neuro-immune axis revolutionized field neuroimmunology. It now understood that many...

BACKGROUND Clinical characteristics and outcomes of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) among adult patients with various hematological malignancies are limited. METHODS A total of 2,574 adult patients diagnosed with hematological malignancies admitted to a single university hospital were enrolled into this study between 2001 and 2010. The clinical characteristics, image reports and outcomes were r...

Central nervous system (CNS) metastases can occur with any primary systemic cancer, but some primary cancers such as melanoma have a specific predilection for the CNS. Brain metastasis is the most common CNS metastasis, occurring in 15% of all cancer patients (Posner, 1995). Leptomeningeal metastasis is less common, 3% to 8%, and epidural metastasis occurs in approximately 5% of cases (Posner, ...

The pharmacological and medical management of complex chemotherapy regimens are vast and complex, requiring an intimate understanding of physiology, particularly when novel biologic agents are utilized with commonly used regimens. The molecular classification in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is multifaceted, particularly with the expansion of novel molecular targets. The p...

Detection of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in the blood via so-called "liquid biopsies" carries enormous clinical potential in malignancies of the central nervous system (CNS) because of the potential to follow disease evolution with a blood test, without the need for repeat neurosurgical procedures with their inherent risk of patient morbidity. To date, studies in non-CNS malignancies, partic...

abstract objective: several studies have been published on the epidemiology of childhood malignancies worldwide. the primary objective of this study is to determine the relative frequency of pediatric cancers in iran. methods: using a retrospective approach, all confirmed cases of malignancies aged 14 years old or less at the time of first referral to the department of radiation oncology of jor...