Electroencephalogram (EEG) from dorsal cortex of lizard Gallotia galloti was analyzed at different temperatures to test the presence of fractal or nonlinear structure during open (OE) and closed eyes (CE), with the aim of comparing these results with those reported for human slow-wave sleep (SWS). Two nonlinear parameters characterizing EEG complexity [correlation dimension (D2)] and predictabi...

A fully automatic algorithm is developed for breast arterial calcification extraction in mammograms. This algorithm is implemented in two major steps: a random-walk based tracking step and a compiling and linking step. With given seeds from detected calcification points, the tracking algorithm traverses the vesselness map by exploring the uncertainties of three tracking factors, i.e., traversin...

For various lattice gas models with nearest neighbour exclusion (and, in one case, second-nearest neighbour exclusion as well), we obtain lower bounds on m, the average number of particles on the non-excluded lattice sites closest ∗We dedicate this work to the memory of Ann Stell, beloved friend of OP and beloved wife of GS.

We show that public-key bit encryption schemes which support weak (i.e., compact) homomorphic evaluation of any sufficiently “sensitive” collection of functions cannot be proved message indistinguishable beyond AM ∩ coAM via general (adaptive) reductions, and beyond statistical zero-knowledge via reductions of constant query complexity. Examples of sensitive collections include parities, majori...

By considering the energy cost of messages carried by proteins as proportional to their information content we found experimental proof that proteins from all living organisms tend to have their estimated semantic content of information per unit mass, statistically, close to a constant. Thus, in the message carried by proteins −to achieve minimum energy waste− the rate of information content pe...

Children in single-parent families, particularly children born to unmarried parents, are at high risk for experiencing material hardship. Previous research based on cross-sectional data suggests that father involvement, especially visitation, diminishes hardship. This article uses longitudinal data to examine the associations between nonresident fathers' involvement with their children and mate...

This paper provides simple approximations for evaluating option prices and implied volatilities under stochastic volatility. Simple recursive formulae are derived that can easily be implemented in spreadsheets. The traditional random walk assumption, dominating in the analysis of financial markets, is compared with mean reversion which is often more relevant in commodity markets. Deterministic ...