The evolutionary origins and advantages of clonal reproduction relative to sexual reproduction have been discussed for several taxonomic groups. In particular, organisms with a sessile lifestyle are often exposed to spatial and temporal environmental fluctuations. Thus, clonal propagation may be advantageous in such fluctuating environments, for sessile species that can reproduce both sexually ...

the common reed (phragmites australis) is a perennial weed with the largest geographical distribution of any flowering plant in the world. in this study, 39 populations of common reed were collected and random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) markers were used to characterize the genetic diversity among these populations. the 16 primers used in this study, amplified 149 scorable rapd bands amon...

Life history evolution of many clonal plants takes place with long periods of exclusively clonal reproduction and under largely varying ramet densities resulting from clonal reproduction. We asked whether life history traits of the clonal herb Ranunculus reptans respond to density-dependent selection, and whether plasticity in these traits is adaptive. After four generations of exclusively clon...

Methodological recommendations for lighting modes growing rootstocks and varieties of domestic plum at the stages micro propagation, in vitro rooting ex adaptation determine usage lamps with different light spectra, allowing to obtain more higher results clonal including: height regenerated plants number leaves, propagation ratio; development root system; growth physiological state stage adapta...

Genetic variation was found between isolates of Botrytis elliptica from the USA and Taiwan based on 22 polymorphic markers from five RAPD primers. Among these 69 isolates, there were 43 different genotypes. One clonal genotype was found spanning Oregon and Washington, USA, and in a population from Hsinshe, Taiwan, clonal genotypes were frequent, demonstrating the importance of asexual spread of...

Several new superior apricot × plum (Prunus armenica × P. domestica) inter specific hybrid rootstocks have been recently produced in Iran, but the propagation of these hybrids by conventional means has been shown to be very difficult. In vitro propagation could be a reliable method for mass clonal propagation of these new rootstocks. In this study, in vitro establishment, proliferation and root...

PAGE INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I51 Material used ............................................................... .. I51 Variation within a wild population .... .. ............ ...... ..................... 152 Shape of frond .........................................................